{"title":"肾结石和氧化应激。乳头状肾结石的类型。","authors":"F Grases, A Costa-Bauzá","doi":"10.1007/s00240-025-01746-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive oxygen species can promote the formation of kidney stones, and this process requires the participation of cells associated with the renal papilla. Here, we present a revised interpretation of the characteristics of the different types of renal papillary stones and the possible pathways responsible for their formation. We examined kidney stones from a biobank that contains 15,000 stones and identified five different types of papillary stones. Type I stones are calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones that clearly have Randall's plaque but have no renal tubules near the stone-tissue junction. Type II stones are COM stones that have Randall's plaque and calcified renal tubules around the stone-tissue junction. Type III stones are calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) stones that have a stone-tissue junction and calcified renal tubules. Type IV stones are COM stones containing important deposits of uric acid and/or Na or K urates that occur around stone-tissue junction, together with apatite phosphate, and may also contain bacterial imprints. Type V stones are small COM calculi that have no hydroxyapatite deposits at the stone-tissue junction. Oxidative stress of papillary tissues can generate heterogeneous nucleants that promote the crystallization of calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate, and urine composition determines the type of papillary stone ultimately develops. An active immune response can limit or prevent the development of these stones by eliminating the intra-tissue hydroxyapatite deposits or promoting the regeneration of the outer uroepithelium.</p>","PeriodicalId":23411,"journal":{"name":"Urolithiasis","volume":"53 1","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075020/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Kidney stones and oxidative stress. Types of papillary renal calculi.\",\"authors\":\"F Grases, A Costa-Bauzá\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00240-025-01746-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Reactive oxygen species can promote the formation of kidney stones, and this process requires the participation of cells associated with the renal papilla. Here, we present a revised interpretation of the characteristics of the different types of renal papillary stones and the possible pathways responsible for their formation. We examined kidney stones from a biobank that contains 15,000 stones and identified five different types of papillary stones. Type I stones are calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones that clearly have Randall's plaque but have no renal tubules near the stone-tissue junction. Type II stones are COM stones that have Randall's plaque and calcified renal tubules around the stone-tissue junction. Type III stones are calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) stones that have a stone-tissue junction and calcified renal tubules. Type IV stones are COM stones containing important deposits of uric acid and/or Na or K urates that occur around stone-tissue junction, together with apatite phosphate, and may also contain bacterial imprints. Type V stones are small COM calculi that have no hydroxyapatite deposits at the stone-tissue junction. Oxidative stress of papillary tissues can generate heterogeneous nucleants that promote the crystallization of calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate, and urine composition determines the type of papillary stone ultimately develops. An active immune response can limit or prevent the development of these stones by eliminating the intra-tissue hydroxyapatite deposits or promoting the regeneration of the outer uroepithelium.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23411,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Urolithiasis\",\"volume\":\"53 1\",\"pages\":\"88\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075020/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Urolithiasis\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-025-01746-9\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Urolithiasis","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-025-01746-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Kidney stones and oxidative stress. Types of papillary renal calculi.
Reactive oxygen species can promote the formation of kidney stones, and this process requires the participation of cells associated with the renal papilla. Here, we present a revised interpretation of the characteristics of the different types of renal papillary stones and the possible pathways responsible for their formation. We examined kidney stones from a biobank that contains 15,000 stones and identified five different types of papillary stones. Type I stones are calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones that clearly have Randall's plaque but have no renal tubules near the stone-tissue junction. Type II stones are COM stones that have Randall's plaque and calcified renal tubules around the stone-tissue junction. Type III stones are calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) stones that have a stone-tissue junction and calcified renal tubules. Type IV stones are COM stones containing important deposits of uric acid and/or Na or K urates that occur around stone-tissue junction, together with apatite phosphate, and may also contain bacterial imprints. Type V stones are small COM calculi that have no hydroxyapatite deposits at the stone-tissue junction. Oxidative stress of papillary tissues can generate heterogeneous nucleants that promote the crystallization of calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate, and urine composition determines the type of papillary stone ultimately develops. An active immune response can limit or prevent the development of these stones by eliminating the intra-tissue hydroxyapatite deposits or promoting the regeneration of the outer uroepithelium.
期刊介绍:
Official Journal of the International Urolithiasis Society
The journal aims to publish original articles in the fields of clinical and experimental investigation only within the sphere of urolithiasis and its related areas of research. The journal covers all aspects of urolithiasis research including the diagnosis, epidemiology, pathogenesis, genetics, clinical biochemistry, open and non-invasive surgical intervention, nephrological investigation, chemistry and prophylaxis of the disorder. The Editor welcomes contributions on topics of interest to urologists, nephrologists, radiologists, clinical biochemists, epidemiologists, nutritionists, basic scientists and nurses working in that field.
Contributions may be submitted as full-length articles or as rapid communications in the form of Letters to the Editor. Articles should be original and should contain important new findings from carefully conducted studies designed to produce statistically significant data. Please note that we no longer publish articles classified as Case Reports. Editorials and review articles may be published by invitation from the Editorial Board. All submissions are peer-reviewed. Through an electronic system for the submission and review of manuscripts, the Editor and Associate Editors aim to make publication accessible as quickly as possible to a large number of readers throughout the world.