The outcomes of calcium silicate cement putty apical plugs in traumatised permanent maxillary teeth in paediatric patients: a retrospective evaluation.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of root canal treatment of traumatised necrotic permanent maxillary teeth in paediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and radiographic records of patients aged 16 or under, who underwent apexification of permanent maxillary teeth, between 2016 and 2023, using TotalFill BC Putty was conducted. Success was assessed radiographically using periapical radiographs and clinically, against the European Society of Endodontology quality guideline consensus report.

Results: A total of 66 teeth from 57 patients were included, with the mean age of 10 years old ( ± 2.1). The mean follow-up time was 14 months ( ± 12.2) with the average number of 3.5 visits ( ± 1.8). Success outcome at latest review was favourable in 48.5% (n = 32), uncertain in 36.4% (n = 24) and unfavourable in 15.1% (n = 10) of cases. In 84.9% (n = 56) of cases, there was evidence of complete or partial radiographic healing.

Conclusions: Within the limits of this service evaluation, TotalFill BC Putty showed favourable outcomes in managing necrotic maxillary permanent teeth in children, demonstrating success rates comparable to MTA, suggesting that it may be a viable alternative for apexification in this patient cohort.