Correlation of the adhesion of the elements of atheroma and the causes of thrombosis.

Introduction: Ischemic diseases are the second leading cause of death in Mexico and account for over 30% of deaths worldwide. Atherosclerosis, in particular, obstructs arteries and impairs blood circulation, contributing to increased mortality and reduced quality of life. Objective In this study, adhesion energies and their influence on the structural arrangement of an atheroma were determined.

Methodology: Adhesion energies were measured for each main component of the atheroma, including arteries and plaque components such as cholesterol, calcium, collagen, glucose, and elastin. The relationship between adhesion and atheroma formation is demonstrated, highlighting the significant interaction of adhesion energies between fibrinogen and cholesterol. Numerical results showed that fibrinogen and cholesterol have the highest adhesion energy, followed by collagen-glucose and cholesterol-elastin combinations.

Results: Additionally, interactions with the highest adhesion energy, such as Fib-Fib with an energy value of 9.60x10^-5J/m², CML-GB with a value of 2.76x10^-9J/m², along with LDL-LDL with an adhesion value of 6.35x10^-5J/m² and Elas-LDL with a J value of 3.40x10^-5J/m², influence the atheroma structure formation.

Conclusions: These results demonstrate the association between adhesion energy in forming an atheroma that obstructs arteries, reduces blood flow, and the pathology of thrombus formation.