Matthew S Welhaf, David A Balota, Suzanne E Schindler, John C Morris, Jason Hassenstab, Andrew J Aschenbrenner
{"title":"使用客观和主观的走神测量来预测认知障碍的进展，并测试与阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的关联。","authors":"Matthew S Welhaf, David A Balota, Suzanne E Schindler, John C Morris, Jason Hassenstab, Andrew J Aschenbrenner","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2025.2498025","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mind wandering decreases in healthy aging, and in some cases, it is further reduced in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, little is known about how mind wandering changes during the preclinical phase of AD, which is a critical period for intervention. The present study aims to provide novel evidence for the utility of objective and subjective measures of mind wandering in evaluating the risk of developing cognitive impairment and their association with AD biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 504; M<sub>age</sub> = 69.54 years, SD<sub>age</sub> = 8.95 years) completed a Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART). We calculated objective (reaction time coefficient of variation; RT CoV) and subjective (self-reported frequency of off-task thoughts) mind wandering measures during the SART for participants who remained cognitively stable (<i>N</i> = 349) and those who eventually developed cognitive impairment (progressors; <i>N</i> = 155). A subset of participants (<i>N</i> = 211) completed the SART annually and had recent CSF biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Objective and subjective mind wandering significantly differed between progressors and cognitively stable participants at baseline and predicted likelihoods of progression. Moreover, baseline subjective mind wandering predicted progression beyond standard neuropsychological measures. Longitudinal models indicated that biomarker negative, but not positive, participants showed a significant reduction in RT CoV over time, possibly reflecting practice-related changes in performance. There were no longitudinal associations with subjective mind wandering.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mind wandering is a common activity and may reflect a healthy cognitive system in older age. Subjective measures of mind wandering may be useful in predicting the later onset of cognitive impairment, while objective measures may be more sensitive to longitudinal changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"169-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Using objective and subjective measures of mind wandering to predict progression to development of cognitive impairment and test associations with Alzheimer disease biomarkers.\",\"authors\":\"Matthew S Welhaf, David A Balota, Suzanne E Schindler, John C Morris, Jason Hassenstab, Andrew J Aschenbrenner\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13803395.2025.2498025\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mind wandering decreases in healthy aging, and in some cases, it is further reduced in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, little is known about how mind wandering changes during the preclinical phase of AD, which is a critical period for intervention. The present study aims to provide novel evidence for the utility of objective and subjective measures of mind wandering in evaluating the risk of developing cognitive impairment and their association with AD biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 504; M<sub>age</sub> = 69.54 years, SD<sub>age</sub> = 8.95 years) completed a Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART). We calculated objective (reaction time coefficient of variation; RT CoV) and subjective (self-reported frequency of off-task thoughts) mind wandering measures during the SART for participants who remained cognitively stable (<i>N</i> = 349) and those who eventually developed cognitive impairment (progressors; <i>N</i> = 155). A subset of participants (<i>N</i> = 211) completed the SART annually and had recent CSF biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Objective and subjective mind wandering significantly differed between progressors and cognitively stable participants at baseline and predicted likelihoods of progression. Moreover, baseline subjective mind wandering predicted progression beyond standard neuropsychological measures. Longitudinal models indicated that biomarker negative, but not positive, participants showed a significant reduction in RT CoV over time, possibly reflecting practice-related changes in performance. There were no longitudinal associations with subjective mind wandering.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mind wandering is a common activity and may reflect a healthy cognitive system in older age. Subjective measures of mind wandering may be useful in predicting the later onset of cognitive impairment, while objective measures may be more sensitive to longitudinal changes.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15382,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"169-184\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2025.2498025\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/4/27 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2025.2498025","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/4/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Using objective and subjective measures of mind wandering to predict progression to development of cognitive impairment and test associations with Alzheimer disease biomarkers.
Introduction: Mind wandering decreases in healthy aging, and in some cases, it is further reduced in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, little is known about how mind wandering changes during the preclinical phase of AD, which is a critical period for intervention. The present study aims to provide novel evidence for the utility of objective and subjective measures of mind wandering in evaluating the risk of developing cognitive impairment and their association with AD biomarkers.
Methods: Participants (N = 504; Mage = 69.54 years, SDage = 8.95 years) completed a Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART). We calculated objective (reaction time coefficient of variation; RT CoV) and subjective (self-reported frequency of off-task thoughts) mind wandering measures during the SART for participants who remained cognitively stable (N = 349) and those who eventually developed cognitive impairment (progressors; N = 155). A subset of participants (N = 211) completed the SART annually and had recent CSF biomarkers.
Results: Objective and subjective mind wandering significantly differed between progressors and cognitively stable participants at baseline and predicted likelihoods of progression. Moreover, baseline subjective mind wandering predicted progression beyond standard neuropsychological measures. Longitudinal models indicated that biomarker negative, but not positive, participants showed a significant reduction in RT CoV over time, possibly reflecting practice-related changes in performance. There were no longitudinal associations with subjective mind wandering.
Conclusions: Mind wandering is a common activity and may reflect a healthy cognitive system in older age. Subjective measures of mind wandering may be useful in predicting the later onset of cognitive impairment, while objective measures may be more sensitive to longitudinal changes.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology ( JCEN) publishes research on the neuropsychological consequences of brain disease, disorders, and dysfunction, and aims to promote the integration of theories, methods, and research findings in clinical and experimental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of JCEN is to publish original empirical research pertaining to brain-behavior relationships and neuropsychological manifestations of brain disease. Theoretical and methodological papers, critical reviews of content areas, and theoretically-relevant case studies are also welcome.
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