Muscular Cystic Lesions: A Highly Misdiagnosed Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.

Background: A retrospective analysis was carried out on two cases of extraosseous Ewing sarcoma (ES) that were initially misdiagnosed as lymphatic malformations, with a focus on clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and other relevant case data. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to enhance the understanding of cystic extraosseous ES.

Case presentation: Both cases in this study originated from cystic lesions in the muscular interstitial space. Due to the absence of distinctive clinical manifestations and imaging features, the diagnosis is primarily dependent on pathological examination.

Conclusion: It is crucial to differentiate this condition from lymphatic malformations, hemangiomas, hematomas, and other diseases to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.