Dana Shamai-Leshem, Shir Porat-Butman, Einat Levy-Gigi, Simone Shamay-Tsoory
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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：心理治疗师面临创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险，由于暴露在骇人听闻的细节治疗。这种风险在大规模伤亡事件中升高，这增加了治疗师的工作量和创伤幸存者的比例。虽然治疗师的移情能力对治疗结果至关重要，但移情可能会增加他们对创伤后应激障碍的脆弱性。在2023年10月7日以色列发生恐怖袭击后，我们研究了共情在治疗相关创伤暴露与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的关系中所起的作用。方法：纳入73名未直接接触攻击的以色列治疗师（88%为女性）。PTSD症状，共情和暴露于创伤内容治疗进行了检查。共情是用人际反应指数来评估的，该指数评估了四个组成部分：换位思考、幻想、共情关注和个人痛苦。采用中庸分析评估共情成分对治疗相关创伤暴露与PTSD症状关系的中庸性。结果：18%的参与者得分高于阈值，表明可能存在创伤后应激障碍。共情关怀和幻想各自缓和了治疗暴露与PTSD症状之间的关系。具体来说，更高水平的共情关注和幻想放大了暴露与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的联系，表现出更大的共情关注或幻想倾向的参与者在治疗中暴露于创伤时经历了更明显的创伤后应激障碍症状。结论：在为大规模伤亡事件的受害者提供护理时，治疗师的共情关怀和幻想倾向可能有助于治疗成功，但也可能增加治疗师对PTSD的脆弱性。结果强调了在灾难环境中对治疗师进行充分培训和监督支持的重要性。（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA，版权所有）。
The dual nature of empathy: Exploring its role in PTSD symptoms among psychotherapists following a mass casualty event.
Objective: Psychotherapists face a risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to exposure to appalling details in therapy. Such risk is elevated during mass casualty events, which increase therapists' workload and ratio of trauma survivors. While therapists' empathic capacities are vital for therapy outcomes, empathy may increase their vulnerability to PTSD. We examined empathy's role in the relationship between therapy-related traumatic exposure and PTSD symptoms following the October 7, 2023, terrorist attack in Israel.
Method: Seventy-three Israeli therapists (88% females) who were not directly exposed to the attacks were included. PTSD symptoms, empathy, and exposure to traumatic content in therapy were examined. Empathy was assessed using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, which evaluates four components: perspective-taking, fantasy, empathic concern, and personal distress. Moderation analyses were performed to assess moderation by the components of empathy on the relationship between therapy-related traumatic exposure and PTSD symptoms.
Results: Eighteen percent of participants scored above the threshold, indicating probable PTSD. Empathic concern and fantasy each moderated the relationship between exposure in therapy and PTSD symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of empathic concern and fantasy amplified the association between exposure and PTSD symptoms, with participants showing greater empathic concern or fantasy tendencies experiencing more pronounced PTSD symptoms when exposed to trauma in therapy.
Conclusions: While providing care to victims of mass casualty events, therapist's tendency for empathic concern and fantasy, which may contribute to treatment success, may also increase the therapist's vulnerability to PTSD. The results highlight the importance of adequate training and supervisory support for therapists in disaster contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
期刊介绍：
Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy publishes empirical research on the psychological effects of trauma. The journal is intended to be a forum for an interdisciplinary discussion on trauma, blending science, theory, practice, and policy.
The journal publishes empirical research on a wide range of trauma-related topics, including:
-Psychological treatments and effects
-Promotion of education about effects of and treatment for trauma
-Assessment and diagnosis of trauma
-Pathophysiology of trauma reactions
-Health services (delivery of services to trauma populations)
-Epidemiological studies and risk factor studies
-Neuroimaging studies
-Trauma and cultural competence
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