Morphological and molecular analyses revealed four new wood-inhabiting fungal species (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from Yunnan.

Hymenochaetales is one of the fungal orders mainly composed of wood-inhabiting macrofungi within the class Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota. Four new Hymenochaetales wood-inhabiting fungi, Hymenochaetebannaensis, Lyomycesasiaticus, Peniophorellaalbohymenia, and P.punctata collected from China are proposed based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. H.bannaensis is distinguished by flocculent basidiomata with cinnamon to yellowish brown to rust-brown hymenial surface, generative hyphae with simple septa and broadly ellipsoid to globose basidiospores. L.asiaticus is characterized by the membranaceous basidiomata with white to cream hymenial surface with tuberculate, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and ellipsoid basidiospores. In addition, P.albohymenia is delimited by membranaceous basidiomata with white hymenial surface, four types of cystidia as stephanocyst, fusiform, cylindrical and capitate, and ellipsoid basidiospores. P.punctata is unique in the membranaceous, punctate basidiomata with white to pale yellow hymenial surface, fusiform cystidia, and allantoid basidiospores. Sequences of ITS and nLSU rRNA markers based on phylogenetic analyses were performed using the Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference methods.