Jyotdeep K Raina, Ravi Sharma, Naveen Kumar, Sheikh Abid Ali, Rakesh K Panjaliya, Ashok Bakaya, Parvinder Kumar
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This case-control study aims to evaluate the relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms, smoking habits, and coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Northern Indian population of Jammu and Kashmir, strengthened by a meta-analysis based on previously published studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study involved 220 patients with CAD and 240 healthy controls from the Jammu region in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Whole blood DNA was isolated, followed by genotyping using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Smoking, a non-vegetarian diet, and lipid levels were found to be significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The frequency of the GSTM<sup>null</sup> genotype was significantly higher in patients than in controls (48.2% vs. 33.3%), while both groups showed comparable frequencies of the GSTT<sup>null</sup> genotype. Combined genotype analysis indicated that the GSTM1 T<sup>null</sup> genotype was associated with an increased risk of CAD, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.70 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.30-2.27(<i>p</i> = 0.05). Patients who were smokers and had the GSTM<sup>null</sup> genotype, as well as those with the GSTM1T<sup>null</sup> or GSTM<sup>null</sup>T1 genotypes, were at a significantly higher risk of developing CAD. The results of the meta-analysis supported the findings of the case-control association study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GSTM1 null genotype, either independently or in conjunction with smoking, is linked to the incidence of CAD among North Indians in Jammu and Kashmir.</p>","PeriodicalId":13561,"journal":{"name":"Inhalation Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Association of Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) in North Indian population (Jammu and Kashmir): evidence from a case-control study and an updated meta-analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Jyotdeep K Raina, Ravi Sharma, Naveen Kumar, Sheikh Abid Ali, Rakesh K Panjaliya, Ashok Bakaya, Parvinder Kumar\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/08958378.2025.2495592\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemicals released during cigarette smoking disrupt the structure, function and physiological capacity of the cardiovascular system. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：吸烟过程中释放的化学物质会破坏心血管系统的结构、功能和生理能力。这些有害化学物质的解毒是由谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）同工酶（GSTM1和GSTT1）完成的。GST基因多态性可能与冠状动脉疾病的易感性有关。本病例对照研究旨在评估查谟和克什米尔北部印度人口中GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性、吸烟习惯和冠状动脉疾病（CAD）之间的关系，并通过基于先前发表的研究的荟萃分析得到加强。方法：目前的研究涉及来自查谟和克什米尔联邦领土查谟地区的220例CAD患者和240例健康对照。分离全血DNA，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术进行基因分型。结果：吸烟、非素食和血脂水平与冠状动脉疾病（CAD）显著相关。GSTMnull基因型在患者中的频率显著高于对照组（48.2% vs. 33.3%），而两组GSTTnull基因型的频率相当。联合基因型分析显示，GSTM1 Tnull基因型与冠心病风险增加相关，调整优势比（AOR）为1.70,95%可信区间（CI）为1.30 ~ 2.27（p = 0.05）。吸烟者和基因型为GSTMnull的患者，以及基因型为GSTM1Tnull或GSTMnullT1的患者，患冠心病的风险明显更高。荟萃分析的结果支持病例-对照关联研究的结果。结论：GSTM1零基因型，无论是独立的还是与吸烟有关，都与查谟和克什米尔的北印度人冠心病的发病率有关。
Association of Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) in North Indian population (Jammu and Kashmir): evidence from a case-control study and an updated meta-analysis.
Background: Chemicals released during cigarette smoking disrupt the structure, function and physiological capacity of the cardiovascular system. Detoxification of these harmful chemicals is done by Glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzymes (GSTM1 and GSTT1). GST gene polymorphisms may have a role in conferring susceptibility to coronary artery disease. This case-control study aims to evaluate the relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms, smoking habits, and coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Northern Indian population of Jammu and Kashmir, strengthened by a meta-analysis based on previously published studies.
Methods: The current study involved 220 patients with CAD and 240 healthy controls from the Jammu region in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Whole blood DNA was isolated, followed by genotyping using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
Results: Smoking, a non-vegetarian diet, and lipid levels were found to be significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The frequency of the GSTMnull genotype was significantly higher in patients than in controls (48.2% vs. 33.3%), while both groups showed comparable frequencies of the GSTTnull genotype. Combined genotype analysis indicated that the GSTM1 Tnull genotype was associated with an increased risk of CAD, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.70 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.30-2.27(p = 0.05). Patients who were smokers and had the GSTMnull genotype, as well as those with the GSTM1Tnull or GSTMnullT1 genotypes, were at a significantly higher risk of developing CAD. The results of the meta-analysis supported the findings of the case-control association study.
Conclusion: The GSTM1 null genotype, either independently or in conjunction with smoking, is linked to the incidence of CAD among North Indians in Jammu and Kashmir.
期刊介绍：
Inhalation Toxicology is a peer-reviewed publication providing a key forum for the latest accomplishments and advancements in concepts, approaches, and procedures presently being used to evaluate the health risk associated with airborne chemicals.
The journal publishes original research, reviews, symposia, and workshop topics involving the respiratory system’s functions in health and disease, the pathogenesis and mechanism of injury, the extrapolation of animal data to humans, the effects of inhaled substances on extra-pulmonary systems, as well as reliable and innovative models for predicting human disease.
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