Kai Xu, MingYue Yin, YuMing Zhong, KongYun Huang, YiMeng Xu, Jing Zhou, Ran Wang
{"title":"辅助和抵抗短跑训练对随后短跑成绩的急性影响:系统回顾和meta分析。","authors":"Kai Xu, MingYue Yin, YuMing Zhong, KongYun Huang, YiMeng Xu, Jing Zhou, Ran Wang","doi":"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Xu, K, Yin, M, Zhong, Y, Huang, K, Xu, Y, Zhou, J, and Wang, R. Acute effects of assisted and resisted sprint training on subsequent sprint performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 39(5): e711-e720, 2025-The aim of the meta-analysis was to determine the acute effects of resisted (RST), assisted (AST), and unresisted (UST) sprint training on sprint performance and to identify the optimal training protocol. A computerized search was conducted in 5 databases, resulting in the inclusion of 23 studies and 395 subjects. The findings indicated that RST acutely improved sprint performance (effect size [ES] -0.20; p < 0.05), while UST (ES = -0.03) and AST (ES = -0.18) did not produce significant improvements (p > 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that RST load as a percentage of body mass (%BM) showed the greatest improvement with heavy loads (50-75% BM, ES = -0.40) compared with light (0-19% BM, ES = -0.22), moderate (20-49% BM, ES = -0.21), and very heavy (>75% BM, ES = 0.10) loads. Further analyses indicated that sled pushing (ES = -0.60) was more effective than sled pulling (ES = -0.34) under heavy load RST conditions. Nonlinear meta-regression results demonstrated that sprint performance improvement exhibited an inverted-U relationship with RST load. In addition, heavy load RST and moderate load AST did not disrupt subsequent sprinting technique. In conclusion, only RST acutely improved subsequent sprint performance, whereas AST and UST did not. For optimal results with RST, it is recommended to use 1 set of heavy loads (50-75% BM) for sled pushing for a distance of 15-20 meters, followed by a rest period of 4-8 minutes before performing 0-30 meters of UST.</p>","PeriodicalId":17129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","volume":"39 5","pages":"e711-e720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Acute Effects of Assisted and Resisted Sprint Training on Subsequent Sprint Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Kai Xu, MingYue Yin, YuMing Zhong, KongYun Huang, YiMeng Xu, Jing Zhou, Ran Wang\",\"doi\":\"10.1519/JSC.0000000000005087\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Xu, K, Yin, M, Zhong, Y, Huang, K, Xu, Y, Zhou, J, and Wang, R. Acute effects of assisted and resisted sprint training on subsequent sprint performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 39(5): e711-e720, 2025-The aim of the meta-analysis was to determine the acute effects of resisted (RST), assisted (AST), and unresisted (UST) sprint training on sprint performance and to identify the optimal training protocol. A computerized search was conducted in 5 databases, resulting in the inclusion of 23 studies and 395 subjects. The findings indicated that RST acutely improved sprint performance (effect size [ES] -0.20; p < 0.05), while UST (ES = -0.03) and AST (ES = -0.18) did not produce significant improvements (p > 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that RST load as a percentage of body mass (%BM) showed the greatest improvement with heavy loads (50-75% BM, ES = -0.40) compared with light (0-19% BM, ES = -0.22), moderate (20-49% BM, ES = -0.21), and very heavy (>75% BM, ES = 0.10) loads. Further analyses indicated that sled pushing (ES = -0.60) was more effective than sled pulling (ES = -0.34) under heavy load RST conditions. Nonlinear meta-regression results demonstrated that sprint performance improvement exhibited an inverted-U relationship with RST load. In addition, heavy load RST and moderate load AST did not disrupt subsequent sprinting technique. In conclusion, only RST acutely improved subsequent sprint performance, whereas AST and UST did not. For optimal results with RST, it is recommended to use 1 set of heavy loads (50-75% BM) for sled pushing for a distance of 15-20 meters, followed by a rest period of 4-8 minutes before performing 0-30 meters of UST.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17129,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research\",\"volume\":\"39 5\",\"pages\":\"e711-e720\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005087\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005087","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要:徐,K,尹,M,钟,Y,黄,K,徐,Y,周,J,王锐,辅助和抵抗短跑训练对后续短跑成绩的急性影响:系统回顾和荟萃分析。[J]中国力量杂志,2015(5):711- 720 - 2025-本荟萃分析的目的是确定抵抗(RST)、辅助(AST)和非抵抗(UST)短跑训练对短跑成绩的急性影响,并确定最佳训练方案。在5个数据库中进行了计算机检索,结果纳入了23项研究和395名受试者。结果表明,RST显著提高了短跑成绩(效应值[ES] -0.20;p < 0.05),而UST (ES = -0.03)和AST (ES = -0.18)无显著改善(p < 0.05)。亚组分析显示,与轻负荷(0-19% BM, ES = -0.22)、中度负荷(20-49% BM, ES = -0.21)和重负荷(>75% BM, ES = 0.10)相比,重负荷(50-75% BM, ES = -0.40)下RST负荷占体重的百分比(%BM)改善最大。进一步分析表明,在重载RST条件下,雪橇推(ES = -0.60)比雪橇拉(ES = -0.34)更有效。非线性元回归结果表明,短跑成绩的提高与RST负荷呈倒u型关系。此外,大负荷RST和中等负荷AST并不影响随后的冲刺技术。结论:只有RST显著改善了随后的冲刺表现,而AST和UST则没有。为了获得最佳的RST效果,建议使用1组重载荷(50-75% BM)推雪橇15-20米,然后休息4-8分钟,然后进行0-30米的UST。
Acute Effects of Assisted and Resisted Sprint Training on Subsequent Sprint Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Abstract: Xu, K, Yin, M, Zhong, Y, Huang, K, Xu, Y, Zhou, J, and Wang, R. Acute effects of assisted and resisted sprint training on subsequent sprint performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 39(5): e711-e720, 2025-The aim of the meta-analysis was to determine the acute effects of resisted (RST), assisted (AST), and unresisted (UST) sprint training on sprint performance and to identify the optimal training protocol. A computerized search was conducted in 5 databases, resulting in the inclusion of 23 studies and 395 subjects. The findings indicated that RST acutely improved sprint performance (effect size [ES] -0.20; p < 0.05), while UST (ES = -0.03) and AST (ES = -0.18) did not produce significant improvements (p > 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that RST load as a percentage of body mass (%BM) showed the greatest improvement with heavy loads (50-75% BM, ES = -0.40) compared with light (0-19% BM, ES = -0.22), moderate (20-49% BM, ES = -0.21), and very heavy (>75% BM, ES = 0.10) loads. Further analyses indicated that sled pushing (ES = -0.60) was more effective than sled pulling (ES = -0.34) under heavy load RST conditions. Nonlinear meta-regression results demonstrated that sprint performance improvement exhibited an inverted-U relationship with RST load. In addition, heavy load RST and moderate load AST did not disrupt subsequent sprinting technique. In conclusion, only RST acutely improved subsequent sprint performance, whereas AST and UST did not. For optimal results with RST, it is recommended to use 1 set of heavy loads (50-75% BM) for sled pushing for a distance of 15-20 meters, followed by a rest period of 4-8 minutes before performing 0-30 meters of UST.
期刊介绍:
The editorial mission of The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (JSCR) is to advance the knowledge about strength and conditioning through research. A unique aspect of this journal is that it includes recommendations for the practical use of research findings. While the journal name identifies strength and conditioning as separate entities, strength is considered a part of conditioning. This journal wishes to promote the publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts which add to our understanding of conditioning and sport through applied exercise science.