Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer: A Review.

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the top ten cancers globally, with its incidence steadily rising in China. Early detection and prognosis risk assessment play a crucial role in guiding subsequent treatment decisions for bladder cancer. However, traditional diagnostic methods such as bladder endoscopy, imaging, or pathology examinations heavily rely on the clinical expertise and experience of clinicians, exhibiting subjectivity and poor reproducibility.

Materials and methods: With the rise of artificial intelligence, novel approaches, particularly those employing deep learning technology, have shown significant advancements in clinical tasks related to bladder cancer, including tumor detection, molecular subtyping identification, tumor staging and grading, prognosis prediction, and recurrence assessment.

Results: Artificial intelligence, with its robust data mining capabilities, enhances diagnostic efficiency and reproducibility when assisting clinicians in decision-making, thereby reducing the risks of misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. This not only helps alleviate the current challenges of talent shortages and uneven distribution of medical resources but also fosters the development of precision medicine.

Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive review of the latest research advances and prospects of artificial intelligence technology in the precise diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.