Dual roles of LncRNA RNA143598: a biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis and its implications in cancer.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with complex pathological mechanisms, including immune system dysregulation and chronic inflammation. Recent studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play key roles in immune regulation and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including RA and various types of cancer. Understanding the involvement of LncRNAs in RA and their potential transcriptional effects in cancer could provide novel insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Methods: Using the GSE94519 dataset, we analyzed serum LncRNA profiles from RA patients and healthy controls. Differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R, and findings were validated via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in 39 RA and 53 healthy samples. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic performance. A pan-cancer analysis of MTRNR2L1 was conducted using TCGA data, with immune infiltration assessed via ssGSEA.

Results: RNA143598 was significantly upregulated in RA patients, and qPCR confirmed its diagnostic potential (AUC = 0.77). Pan cancer analysis shows that MTRNR2L1 is highly expressed in glioblastoma (GBM) and lowly expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), with high GBM expression linked to poor prognosis. Immune infiltration analysis showed MTRNR2L1 correlated with CD8 + T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in GBM.

Conclusion: RNA143598 is a promising RA biomarker, and its transcription gene MTRNR2L1 demonstrates potential in cancer prognosis and immune regulation. These findings provide a foundation for future research on targeted therapies for RA and cancer. Key Points • RNA143598 is identified as a significant biomarker for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), showing promise for clinical application. • Quantitative PCR validation demonstrates the diagnostic potential of RNA143598, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77. • MTRNR2L1, which is RNA143598 transcribed gene, exhibits differential expression in different cancer types, with high levels associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM). • Immune infiltration analysis links MTRNR2L1 expression to the presence of CD8 + T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, suggesting its role in immune regulation in GBM.