{"title":"中和剂辅助富集和pmax - qpcr优化大蒜颗粒中沙门氏菌检测","authors":"Bingkui Li, Yuxin Zheng, Yawen Huang, Jiahao Ji, Shaoting Li, Hongmei Zhang","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2025.0024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spices with low water activity (a<sub>w</sub>) often contain antibacterial substances that complicate the detection of <i>Salmonella</i> using traditional culture methods. These substances can drive <i>Salmonella</i> into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, rendering it undetectable with culture-based methods. This study aimed to enhance the broth for enriching <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules by mitigating the inhibitory effects of antibacterial substances. This study optimized the enrichment broth by using 3× buffered peptone water to increase the buffering capacity of the medium, adding magnesium sulfate and sodium pyruvate to promote the self-repair and recovery of bacteria, and adding DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) and corn oil to neutralize the antimicrobial substances in garlic. Garlic granules were artificially contaminated with <i>Salmonella</i> and subjected to a 2-week desiccation process to simulate low a<sub>w</sub> conditions during food storage. The results showed that adding DTT and corn oil as neutralizers in the modified buffered peptone water (mBPW) broth significantly enhanced the detection capability of <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules, enabling detection of <i>Salmonella</i> at initial contamination levels as low as 5 CFU/g. In contrast, <i>Salmonella</i> was undetectable without the addition of neutralizers during enrichment. In addition, the optimized mBPW broth was tested on spices other than garlic granules, demonstrating its effectiveness (without neutralizers) in detecting <i>Salmonella</i> in star anise and black pepper. Notably, this study demonstrated that the combination of neutralizer-aided enrichment and PMAxx-qPCR successfully enabled the detection of viable <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules. The entire process can be completed in approximately 26 h, demonstrating the method's swiftness and effectiveness in detecting viable cells. This approach provides a fast and sensitive method for the detection of <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules, with promising potential for application in similar inhibitory food matrices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Optimization of <i>Salmonella</i> Detection in Garlic Granules Using Neutralizer-Aided Enrichment and PMAxx-qPCR.\",\"authors\":\"Bingkui Li, Yuxin Zheng, Yawen Huang, Jiahao Ji, Shaoting Li, Hongmei Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1089/fpd.2025.0024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Spices with low water activity (a<sub>w</sub>) often contain antibacterial substances that complicate the detection of <i>Salmonella</i> using traditional culture methods. These substances can drive <i>Salmonella</i> into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, rendering it undetectable with culture-based methods. This study aimed to enhance the broth for enriching <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules by mitigating the inhibitory effects of antibacterial substances. This study optimized the enrichment broth by using 3× buffered peptone water to increase the buffering capacity of the medium, adding magnesium sulfate and sodium pyruvate to promote the self-repair and recovery of bacteria, and adding DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) and corn oil to neutralize the antimicrobial substances in garlic. Garlic granules were artificially contaminated with <i>Salmonella</i> and subjected to a 2-week desiccation process to simulate low a<sub>w</sub> conditions during food storage. The results showed that adding DTT and corn oil as neutralizers in the modified buffered peptone water (mBPW) broth significantly enhanced the detection capability of <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules, enabling detection of <i>Salmonella</i> at initial contamination levels as low as 5 CFU/g. In contrast, <i>Salmonella</i> was undetectable without the addition of neutralizers during enrichment. In addition, the optimized mBPW broth was tested on spices other than garlic granules, demonstrating its effectiveness (without neutralizers) in detecting <i>Salmonella</i> in star anise and black pepper. Notably, this study demonstrated that the combination of neutralizer-aided enrichment and PMAxx-qPCR successfully enabled the detection of viable <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules. The entire process can be completed in approximately 26 h, demonstrating the method's swiftness and effectiveness in detecting viable cells. This approach provides a fast and sensitive method for the detection of <i>Salmonella</i> in garlic granules, with promising potential for application in similar inhibitory food matrices.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12333,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Foodborne pathogens and disease\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Foodborne pathogens and disease\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0024\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2025.0024","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Optimization of Salmonella Detection in Garlic Granules Using Neutralizer-Aided Enrichment and PMAxx-qPCR.
Spices with low water activity (aw) often contain antibacterial substances that complicate the detection of Salmonella using traditional culture methods. These substances can drive Salmonella into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, rendering it undetectable with culture-based methods. This study aimed to enhance the broth for enriching Salmonella in garlic granules by mitigating the inhibitory effects of antibacterial substances. This study optimized the enrichment broth by using 3× buffered peptone water to increase the buffering capacity of the medium, adding magnesium sulfate and sodium pyruvate to promote the self-repair and recovery of bacteria, and adding DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) and corn oil to neutralize the antimicrobial substances in garlic. Garlic granules were artificially contaminated with Salmonella and subjected to a 2-week desiccation process to simulate low aw conditions during food storage. The results showed that adding DTT and corn oil as neutralizers in the modified buffered peptone water (mBPW) broth significantly enhanced the detection capability of Salmonella in garlic granules, enabling detection of Salmonella at initial contamination levels as low as 5 CFU/g. In contrast, Salmonella was undetectable without the addition of neutralizers during enrichment. In addition, the optimized mBPW broth was tested on spices other than garlic granules, demonstrating its effectiveness (without neutralizers) in detecting Salmonella in star anise and black pepper. Notably, this study demonstrated that the combination of neutralizer-aided enrichment and PMAxx-qPCR successfully enabled the detection of viable Salmonella in garlic granules. The entire process can be completed in approximately 26 h, demonstrating the method's swiftness and effectiveness in detecting viable cells. This approach provides a fast and sensitive method for the detection of Salmonella in garlic granules, with promising potential for application in similar inhibitory food matrices.
期刊介绍:
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease is one of the most inclusive scientific publications on the many disciplines that contribute to food safety. Spanning an array of issues from "farm-to-fork," the Journal bridges the gap between science and policy to reduce the burden of foodborne illness worldwide.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease coverage includes:
Agroterrorism
Safety of organically grown and genetically modified foods
Emerging pathogens
Emergence of drug resistance
Methods and technology for rapid and accurate detection
Strategies to destroy or control foodborne pathogens
Novel strategies for the prevention and control of plant and animal diseases that impact food safety
Biosecurity issues and the implications of new regulatory guidelines
Impact of changing lifestyles and consumer demands on food safety.