Lena Łyko, Renata Nowak, Marta Olech, Urszula Gawlik, Agnieszka Krajewska, Danuta Kalemba, Andriy Prokopiv
{"title":"黄杜鹃甜叶超临界CO2提取物的化学性质及其抗炎降糖作用。","authors":"Lena Łyko, Renata Nowak, Marta Olech, Urszula Gawlik, Agnieszka Krajewska, Danuta Kalemba, Andriy Prokopiv","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1576852","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Terpenes are a diverse class of natural metabolites that exhibit a range of biological activities, including antidiabetic, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was designed to determine the chemical profile and biological activity of <i>Rhododendron luteum</i> leaf (RLL) supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (SC-CO2) extracts.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The LC-APCI-MS/MS method was used to determine the composition and content of the triterpenes (including sterols). In turn, LC-ESI-MS/MS was applied for the analysis of polyphenolic compounds. The volatile composition of RLL extracts was analysed using the HS-SPME-GC-FID-MS technique. The inhibitory activity against enzymes such as xanthine oxidase (XO), lipoxygenase (LOX), hyaluronidase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase was assessed using <i>in vitro</i> bioassays.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The LC-MS analyses revealed high levels of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and β-sitosterol, which belong to terpenes, as well as polyphenols such as syringic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid, along with apigenin and its 7-glucoside. Among volatiles, the most prominent were limonene, eugenol, β-phenylethanol, and β-caryophyllene. <i>In vitro</i> assays showed a high hyaluronidase and moderate lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity presented by RLL supercritical extracts. Moreover, the samples were found to present α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This may indicate the anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential of RLL supercritical extracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1576852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062060/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Chemical profile of <i>Rhododendron luteum</i> Sweet leaf supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extracts and their anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential.\",\"authors\":\"Lena Łyko, Renata Nowak, Marta Olech, Urszula Gawlik, Agnieszka Krajewska, Danuta Kalemba, Andriy Prokopiv\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fchem.2025.1576852\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Terpenes are a diverse class of natural metabolites that exhibit a range of biological activities, including antidiabetic, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was designed to determine the chemical profile and biological activity of <i>Rhododendron luteum</i> leaf (RLL) supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (SC-CO2) extracts.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The LC-APCI-MS/MS method was used to determine the composition and content of the triterpenes (including sterols). In turn, LC-ESI-MS/MS was applied for the analysis of polyphenolic compounds. The volatile composition of RLL extracts was analysed using the HS-SPME-GC-FID-MS technique. The inhibitory activity against enzymes such as xanthine oxidase (XO), lipoxygenase (LOX), hyaluronidase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase was assessed using <i>in vitro</i> bioassays.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The LC-MS analyses revealed high levels of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and β-sitosterol, which belong to terpenes, as well as polyphenols such as syringic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid, along with apigenin and its 7-glucoside. 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Chemical profile of Rhododendron luteum Sweet leaf supercritical CO2 extracts and their anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential.
Introduction: Terpenes are a diverse class of natural metabolites that exhibit a range of biological activities, including antidiabetic, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was designed to determine the chemical profile and biological activity of Rhododendron luteum leaf (RLL) supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extracts.
Materials and methods: The LC-APCI-MS/MS method was used to determine the composition and content of the triterpenes (including sterols). In turn, LC-ESI-MS/MS was applied for the analysis of polyphenolic compounds. The volatile composition of RLL extracts was analysed using the HS-SPME-GC-FID-MS technique. The inhibitory activity against enzymes such as xanthine oxidase (XO), lipoxygenase (LOX), hyaluronidase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase was assessed using in vitro bioassays.
Results and discussion: The LC-MS analyses revealed high levels of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and β-sitosterol, which belong to terpenes, as well as polyphenols such as syringic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid, along with apigenin and its 7-glucoside. Among volatiles, the most prominent were limonene, eugenol, β-phenylethanol, and β-caryophyllene. In vitro assays showed a high hyaluronidase and moderate lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity presented by RLL supercritical extracts. Moreover, the samples were found to present α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This may indicate the anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential of RLL supercritical extracts.
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