氯胺酮使用障碍的前景:患者经验和对当前治疗方案的看法。

IF 5.2 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Addiction Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI:10.1111/add.70073
Rebecca E Harding, Tamsin Barton, Maeve Niepceron, Ella Harris, Emily Bennett, Emily Gent, Flora Fraser, Celia J A Morgan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:报告氯胺酮使用障碍(KUD)的症状和病因,评估当前治疗服务的有效性,并确定提高患者可及性和结果的策略。设计:混合方法,横断面问卷。2023年11月至2024年4月的电子调查。背景:参与者是通过滚雪球抽样、社交媒体和英国成瘾治疗服务机构的推荐来招募的。该调查向国际参与者开放,收集了来自英国、美国、加拿大、欧洲和澳大利亚的反馈。参与者/病例:共有274名自我认定的KUD患者,包括寻求治疗(40%)和不寻求治疗(60%)的氯胺酮使用者。参与者的年龄从18岁到67岁不等,其中47.7%为男性。此外,58.8%的人报告被诊断为精神健康障碍。参与者平均每天消耗2.0 g氯胺酮,寻求治疗的个体报告的平均使用量(M = 2.67 g)高于非寻求治疗的使用者(M = 1.68 g) (P测量值:参与者完成了一份在线问卷,回答他们对氯胺酮和治疗服务的态度,包括与他们使用氯胺酮问题的症状、对KUD的教育和认识的看法、对现有治疗方案的意见以及寻求治疗的协助人员有关的问题。研究发现:该研究确定了与KUD相关的各种身体症状,膀胱问题(60%)、鼻腔问题(60%)和“k -痉挛”(56%)在所有使用者中普遍报告。针对这些症状,大多数人(56%)没有寻求治疗;在寻求治疗的使用者中,只有36%的人表示对他们的护理感到满意。戒断综合症的症状也被确定,包括渴望(71%)、情绪低落(62%)、焦虑(59%)和易怒(45%)。寻求治疗的参与者报告说,他们使用的服务很少(31%)或一些(31%)了解氯胺酮,不是为氯胺酮使用量身定制的(43%),通常只是有些有效(43%)。59%的参与者报告说,教育和同伴团体对使用氯胺酮的风险“绝对没有”足够的认识。当被问及选择治疗方案时最重要的因素时,所有参与者提到的最多的是成本/负担能力。结论:氯胺酮使用障碍(KUD)似乎与身体和心理症状的高发有关,包括一些与戒断有关的症状。尽管如此,大多数患有KUD的人不寻求治疗,现有的服务通常被认为是无效的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The landscape of ketamine use disorder: Patient experiences and perspectives on current treatment options.

Aims: To report the symptoms and aetiology of ketamine use disorder (KUD), gauge the effectiveness of current treatment services and identify strategies to enhance patient access and outcomes.

Design: Mixed-methods, cross-sectional questionnaire. Electronic survey from November 2023 to April 2024.

Setting: Participants were recruited through snowball sampling, social media and referrals from UK addiction treatment services. The survey was open to international participants, with responses collected from the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Europe and Australia.

Participants/cases: A total of 274 individuals with self-identified KUD, including both treatment-seeking (40%) and non-treatment-seeking (60%) current or former ketamine users. Participants' ages ranged from 18 to 67 years old, with 47.7% identifying as male. Additionally, 58.8% reported a diagnosed mental health disorder. On average, participants consumed 2.0 g of ketamine per day, with treatment-seeking individuals reporting higher average use (M = 2.67 g) than non-treatment-seeking users (M = 1.68 g) (P < 0.001).

Measurements: Participants completed an online questionnaire addressing their attitudes toward ketamine and treatment services, including questions pertaining to their symptoms of problematic ketamine use, perceptions of education and awareness about KUD, opinions of existing treatment options, and facilitators for seeking treatment.

Findings: The study identified various physical symptoms associated with KUD, with bladder problems (60%), nasal problems (60%) and 'K-cramps' (56%) being commonly reported among all users. In response to these symptoms, the majority (56%) did not seek treatment; among treatment-seeking users only 36% reported feeling satisfied with their care. Symptoms of abstinence syndrome were also identified, including cravings (71%), low mood (62%), anxiety (59%) and irritability (45%). Treatment-seeking participants reported that the services they used had little (31%) or some (31%) awareness of ketamine, were not tailored to ketamine use (43%) and were generally only somewhat effective (43%). Fifty-nine percent of participants reported that there was "definitely not" sufficient awareness in education and peer groups about the risks associated with ketamine use. When asked about the most important factors when choosing a treatment program, cost/affordability was the most cited for all participants.

Conclusions: Ketamine use disorder (KUD) appears to be associated with a high prevalence of physical and psychological symptoms, including some specifically linked to abstinence. Despite this, most individuals with KUD do not seek treatment, and existing services are often perceived as ineffective.

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来源期刊
Addiction
Addiction 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
319
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Addiction publishes peer-reviewed research reports on pharmacological and behavioural addictions, bringing together research conducted within many different disciplines. Its goal is to serve international and interdisciplinary scientific and clinical communication, to strengthen links between science and policy, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. We seek submissions that are not only technically competent but are also original and contain information or ideas of fresh interest to our international readership. We seek to serve low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries as well as more economically developed countries. Addiction’s scope spans human experimental, epidemiological, social science, historical, clinical and policy research relating to addiction, primarily but not exclusively in the areas of psychoactive substance use and/or gambling. In addition to original research, the journal features editorials, commentaries, reviews, letters, and book reviews.
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