Detection of H2O2 and redox potential of an acute wound of rabbits with different sugar intakes based on a SERS-active microneedle

To detect H₂O₂ and redox potential of an acute wound simultaneously, a SERS-active microneedle was fabricated by integrating H₂O₂ and redox potential SERS probes into two grooves of an acupuncture needle, respectively. When the SERS-active microneedle was inserted into tissues, an acute wound was formed and the two SERS probes were introduced into the wound to sense H₂O₂ and redox potential of the wound. The feasibility of the SERS-active microneedle was evaluated ex vivo and in vivo. Both sugar deficiency and sugar excess induce increases in H₂O₂ and redox potential in most tissues. Short-term physiological disturbances eventually returned to normal levels in healthy organisms, and abnormal sugar intakes disrupt the normal physiological environment and induce stress responses in all tissues. The SERS-active microneedle for detection of H₂O₂ and redox potential would become a powerful tool, used for collecting physiological signals in different tissues to elucidate the mechanisms of wound healing and redox-related diseases.