濒危的深雪山驯鹿有独特的冬季饮食和肠道微生物群,可能会被母亲潘宁改变。

IF 4.5 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Scott Sugden, Robert Serrouya, Lalenia Neufeld, Helen Schwantje, Colleen Cassady St. Clair, Lisa Stein, Toby Spribille
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解特定物种或种群的饮食专业化是了解栖息地保护需求和许多濒危物种成功的迁地恢复计划的关键。加拿大最濒危的种群之一,行为上独特的深雪生态类型的南部山地驯鹿,其特点是冬季以树栖地衣为食,而不是陆生地衣。我们假设这种饮食变化会在深雪山驯鹿中产生与浅雪山驯鹿不同的肠道微生物群。我们还假设,临时改变自然饮食以进行移地保护计划,包括在怀孕奶牛的母栏期间提供商业颗粒饲料和志愿者收集的地衣,可能会改变这种特殊的微生物群。在这里,我们使用粪便DNA元条形码来比较不同群的深雪驯鹿和浅雪驯鹿,来自Revelstoke母栏的圈养深雪驯鹿和半驯养驯鹿的饮食和肠道微生物组成。我们的研究结果证实,自由放养的深雪驯鹿专门以树栖毛衣Bryoria和Nodobryoria为食,并且我们表明,这与专门以陆生地衣Cladonia和Stereocaulon为食的浅雪驯鹿的微生物组不同。我们还发现,深雪驯鹿的母性围栏显著改变了饲料消耗和微生物组组成:与自由放养的驯鹿相比,围栏中的驯鹿消耗更多的foliose地衣,并且具有独特的微生物组。我们的研究结果表明,管理者在设计需要改变饮食的干预措施时,应仔细考虑驯鹿种群的首选饲料。我们进一步建议对驯鹿和其他饮食专家的粪便样本进行常规监测,以了解其饮食和微生物组组成,特别是在圈养或饮食调整期间,作为保护评估的额外组成部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Endangered Deep-Snow Mountain Caribou Have a Distinct Winter Diet and Gut Microbiome That May Be Altered by Maternal Penning

Understanding species- or population-specific dietary specialisation is key to informing habitat conservation needs and successful ex situ recovery programs for many endangered species. One of the most endangered populations in Canada, the behaviourally distinct deep-snow ecotype of the Southern Mountain caribou, is characterised by a winter diet of arboreal rather than terrestrial lichens. We hypothesised that this dietary variation would produce a distinct gut microbiome in deep-snow mountain caribou relative to their shallow-snow counterparts. We additionally hypothesised that the temporary alteration of natural diets for ex situ conservation programs, including the provision of commercial pelleted feed and volunteer-collected lichens during maternity penning of pregnant cows, may alter this specialised microbiome. Here, we use faecal DNA metabarcoding to compare diet and gut microbiome composition among various herds of deep- and shallow-snow caribou, captive deep-snow caribou from the Revelstoke maternity pen, and semi-domesticated reindeer. Our results confirm that free-ranging deep-snow caribou specialise on the arboreal hair lichens Bryoria and Nodobryoria, and we show that this correlates with a microbiome distinct from that of shallow-snow caribou specialising on the terrestrial lichens Cladonia and Stereocaulon. We also show that maternity penning of deep-snow caribou significantly altered forage consumption and microbiome composition: penned caribou consumed more foliose lichens and had a distinct microbiome compared to free-ranging caribou. Our results suggest that managers should carefully consider the preferred forage of caribou populations when designing interventions that require diet modification. We further suggest that faecal samples of caribou and other dietary specialists be routinely monitored for diet and microbiome composition, especially during periods of captivity or diet modification, as an additional component of conservation assessments.

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来源期刊
Molecular Ecology
Molecular Ecology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
10.20%
发文量
472
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include: * population structure and phylogeography * reproductive strategies * relatedness and kin selection * sex allocation * population genetic theory * analytical methods development * conservation genetics * speciation genetics * microbial biodiversity * evolutionary dynamics of QTLs * ecological interactions * molecular adaptation and environmental genomics * impact of genetically modified organisms
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