Nicola Bauer, Qiyue Mao, Aditi Vashistha, Anupamaa Seshadri, Yi-Chieh Nancy Du, Leo Otterbein, Chalet Tan, Mark P de Caestecker, Binghe Wang
{"title":"令人信服的证据:一氧化碳治疗潜力的关键更新。","authors":"Nicola Bauer, Qiyue Mao, Aditi Vashistha, Anupamaa Seshadri, Yi-Chieh Nancy Du, Leo Otterbein, Chalet Tan, Mark P de Caestecker, Binghe Wang","doi":"10.1002/med.22116","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous signaling molecule. It is produced via heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HMOX), releasing stoichiometric amounts of CO, iron, and biliverdin (then bilirubin). The HMOX-CO axis has long been shown to offer beneficial effects by modulating inflammation, proliferation and cell death as they relate to tissue and organ protection. Recent years have seen a large number of studies examining CO pharmacology, its molecular targets, cellular mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and detection methods using various delivery modalities including inhaled CO gas, CO solutions, and various types of CO donors. Unfortunately, one widely used donor type includes four commercially available carbonyl complexes with metal or borane, CORM-2 (Ru<sup>2+</sup>), CORM-3 (Ru<sup>2+</sup>), CORM-A1 (BH<sub>3</sub>), and CORM-401 (Mn<sup>+</sup>), which have been shown to have minimal and/or unpredictable CO production and extensive CO-independent chemical reactivity and biological activity. As a result, not all \"CO biological activities\" in the literature can be attributed to CO. In this review, we summarize key findings based on CO gas and CO in solution for the certainty of the active principal and to avoid data contamination resulting from the confirmed or potential reactivities and activities of the \"carrier\" portion of CORMs. Along a similar line, we discuss interesting potential research areas of CO in the brain including a newly proposed CO/HMOX/dopamine axis and the role of CO in cognitive stimulation and circadian rhythm. This review is critical for the future development of the CO field by steering clear of complications caused by chemically reactive donor molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":207,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Compelling Evidence: A Critical Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Carbon Monoxide.\",\"authors\":\"Nicola Bauer, Qiyue Mao, Aditi Vashistha, Anupamaa Seshadri, Yi-Chieh Nancy Du, Leo Otterbein, Chalet Tan, Mark P de Caestecker, Binghe Wang\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/med.22116\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous signaling molecule. It is produced via heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HMOX), releasing stoichiometric amounts of CO, iron, and biliverdin (then bilirubin). The HMOX-CO axis has long been shown to offer beneficial effects by modulating inflammation, proliferation and cell death as they relate to tissue and organ protection. Recent years have seen a large number of studies examining CO pharmacology, its molecular targets, cellular mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and detection methods using various delivery modalities including inhaled CO gas, CO solutions, and various types of CO donors. Unfortunately, one widely used donor type includes four commercially available carbonyl complexes with metal or borane, CORM-2 (Ru<sup>2+</sup>), CORM-3 (Ru<sup>2+</sup>), CORM-A1 (BH<sub>3</sub>), and CORM-401 (Mn<sup>+</sup>), which have been shown to have minimal and/or unpredictable CO production and extensive CO-independent chemical reactivity and biological activity. As a result, not all \\\"CO biological activities\\\" in the literature can be attributed to CO. In this review, we summarize key findings based on CO gas and CO in solution for the certainty of the active principal and to avoid data contamination resulting from the confirmed or potential reactivities and activities of the \\\"carrier\\\" portion of CORMs. Along a similar line, we discuss interesting potential research areas of CO in the brain including a newly proposed CO/HMOX/dopamine axis and the role of CO in cognitive stimulation and circadian rhythm. This review is critical for the future development of the CO field by steering clear of complications caused by chemically reactive donor molecules.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":207,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Medicinal Research Reviews\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":10.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Medicinal Research Reviews\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.22116\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Medicinal Research Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.22116","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Compelling Evidence: A Critical Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Carbon Monoxide.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous signaling molecule. It is produced via heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HMOX), releasing stoichiometric amounts of CO, iron, and biliverdin (then bilirubin). The HMOX-CO axis has long been shown to offer beneficial effects by modulating inflammation, proliferation and cell death as they relate to tissue and organ protection. Recent years have seen a large number of studies examining CO pharmacology, its molecular targets, cellular mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and detection methods using various delivery modalities including inhaled CO gas, CO solutions, and various types of CO donors. Unfortunately, one widely used donor type includes four commercially available carbonyl complexes with metal or borane, CORM-2 (Ru2+), CORM-3 (Ru2+), CORM-A1 (BH3), and CORM-401 (Mn+), which have been shown to have minimal and/or unpredictable CO production and extensive CO-independent chemical reactivity and biological activity. As a result, not all "CO biological activities" in the literature can be attributed to CO. In this review, we summarize key findings based on CO gas and CO in solution for the certainty of the active principal and to avoid data contamination resulting from the confirmed or potential reactivities and activities of the "carrier" portion of CORMs. Along a similar line, we discuss interesting potential research areas of CO in the brain including a newly proposed CO/HMOX/dopamine axis and the role of CO in cognitive stimulation and circadian rhythm. This review is critical for the future development of the CO field by steering clear of complications caused by chemically reactive donor molecules.
期刊介绍:
Medicinal Research Reviews is dedicated to publishing timely and critical reviews, as well as opinion-based articles, covering a broad spectrum of topics related to medicinal research. These contributions are authored by individuals who have made significant advancements in the field.
Encompassing a wide range of subjects, suitable topics include, but are not limited to, the underlying pathophysiology of crucial diseases and disease vectors, therapeutic approaches for diverse medical conditions, properties of molecular targets for therapeutic agents, innovative methodologies facilitating therapy discovery, genomics and proteomics, structure-activity correlations of drug series, development of new imaging and diagnostic tools, drug metabolism, drug delivery, and comprehensive examinations of the chemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical characteristics of significant drugs.