{"title":"英国家庭调查中没有“隐藏人口”,在多大程度上低估了吸烟率?","authors":"Emma Beard, Lion Shahab, Jamie Brown, Sharon Cox","doi":"10.1111/add.70071","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Sampling frames used by population surveys may result in an underestimation of smoking prevalence as those not residing in households, also known as the 'hidden population', are not sampled. This includes people living in care and residential homes, populations experiencing homelessness, as well as those who have an \"absent or \"temporary\" household status (e.g. bed and breakfasts, unsupported temporary accommodation, and those in prison). This study estimated the impact of including these populations on smoking prevalence in the UK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from UK government reports and published studies were used to derive estimates of the size of the hidden populations and rates of smoking within these populations. The impact of including the 'hidden population' on overall smoking prevalence in the UK was estimated, along with a correction factor to account for their exclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hidden population over the age of 18 was estimated to be around 1.9 million with a smoking prevalence of between 58% and 66%. Accounting for this hidden population in smoking prevalence surveys may inflate estimates by a correction factor of 1.12 to 1.14. This means smoking prevalence in 2022 would increase from a reported 12.9% to an adjusted range of 14.5-14.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The absence of the 'hidden population' from smoking prevalence surveys leads to underestimation of smoking rates in the UK. Based on the estimated correction factor, and assuming smoking continues to decline at current rates, achieving the UK government's target of <5% by 2030 would be substantially delayed.</p>","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"How much does the absence of the 'hidden population' from United Kingdom household surveys underestimate smoking prevalence?\",\"authors\":\"Emma Beard, Lion Shahab, Jamie Brown, Sharon Cox\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/add.70071\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Sampling frames used by population surveys may result in an underestimation of smoking prevalence as those not residing in households, also known as the 'hidden population', are not sampled. This includes people living in care and residential homes, populations experiencing homelessness, as well as those who have an \\\"absent or \\\"temporary\\\" household status (e.g. bed and breakfasts, unsupported temporary accommodation, and those in prison). This study estimated the impact of including these populations on smoking prevalence in the UK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from UK government reports and published studies were used to derive estimates of the size of the hidden populations and rates of smoking within these populations. The impact of including the 'hidden population' on overall smoking prevalence in the UK was estimated, along with a correction factor to account for their exclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hidden population over the age of 18 was estimated to be around 1.9 million with a smoking prevalence of between 58% and 66%. Accounting for this hidden population in smoking prevalence surveys may inflate estimates by a correction factor of 1.12 to 1.14. This means smoking prevalence in 2022 would increase from a reported 12.9% to an adjusted range of 14.5-14.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The absence of the 'hidden population' from smoking prevalence surveys leads to underestimation of smoking rates in the UK. Based on the estimated correction factor, and assuming smoking continues to decline at current rates, achieving the UK government's target of <5% by 2030 would be substantially delayed.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":109,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Addiction\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Addiction\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70071\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHIATRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Addiction","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70071","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
How much does the absence of the 'hidden population' from United Kingdom household surveys underestimate smoking prevalence?
Background and aim: Sampling frames used by population surveys may result in an underestimation of smoking prevalence as those not residing in households, also known as the 'hidden population', are not sampled. This includes people living in care and residential homes, populations experiencing homelessness, as well as those who have an "absent or "temporary" household status (e.g. bed and breakfasts, unsupported temporary accommodation, and those in prison). This study estimated the impact of including these populations on smoking prevalence in the UK.
Methods: Data from UK government reports and published studies were used to derive estimates of the size of the hidden populations and rates of smoking within these populations. The impact of including the 'hidden population' on overall smoking prevalence in the UK was estimated, along with a correction factor to account for their exclusion.
Results: The hidden population over the age of 18 was estimated to be around 1.9 million with a smoking prevalence of between 58% and 66%. Accounting for this hidden population in smoking prevalence surveys may inflate estimates by a correction factor of 1.12 to 1.14. This means smoking prevalence in 2022 would increase from a reported 12.9% to an adjusted range of 14.5-14.8%.
Conclusion: The absence of the 'hidden population' from smoking prevalence surveys leads to underestimation of smoking rates in the UK. Based on the estimated correction factor, and assuming smoking continues to decline at current rates, achieving the UK government's target of <5% by 2030 would be substantially delayed.
期刊介绍:
Addiction publishes peer-reviewed research reports on pharmacological and behavioural addictions, bringing together research conducted within many different disciplines.
Its goal is to serve international and interdisciplinary scientific and clinical communication, to strengthen links between science and policy, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. We seek submissions that are not only technically competent but are also original and contain information or ideas of fresh interest to our international readership. We seek to serve low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries as well as more economically developed countries.
Addiction’s scope spans human experimental, epidemiological, social science, historical, clinical and policy research relating to addiction, primarily but not exclusively in the areas of psychoactive substance use and/or gambling. In addition to original research, the journal features editorials, commentaries, reviews, letters, and book reviews.