Surface functionalization of nanoparticles for enhanced polymer-nanoparticle interactions in nanocomposites

Integrating nanoparticles (NPs) into a polymer matrix represents a promising approach to enhancing the characteristics of the polymer. Such improvements are closely related to the dispersion of the NPs and the interfaces between phases, both of which are significantly affected by the surface functionality of the NPs. In this study, we have investigated the effects of different surface functionalities of silica NPs on the particle dispersion and properties of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). Specifically, we have found that the surface treatment of silica NPs with hydrocarbon groups can decrease particle surface tension and interparticle interactions, resulting in the polymer and particles interaction. Additionally, this treatment can reduce the tendency of NPs to aggregate and agglomerate. As a consequence, the particle dispersion, rheological properties, and mechanical behavior of PNCs are all influenced by the surface treatment of NPs.