马的微生物组变化与饮食中富含甘露聚糖的部分包含

IF 1.3 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
M. Brummer-Holder, R. Power
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引用次数: 0

摘要

马后肠微生物群落高度敏感,受到干扰会导致腹泻甚至绞痛等问题。其中一些干扰,如由运输压力、疾病或必要的药物引起的干扰,是马主无法控制的。因此,在饲料和补充剂中加入前、前和后益生菌来支持和维持肠道健康已经引起了人们的极大兴趣。本研究评估了健康马饲喂不同含糖率的酵母细胞壁富含甘露聚糖组分(MRF)的微生物组和免疫反应。8匹2岁的四分之一马(3匹骟马,5匹小母马)被纳入复制的4 × 4拉丁方设计中,因此在研究结束时,每匹马都接受了每种治疗(n = 8次治疗)。所有试验期和洗脱期均为21 d。处理包括对照(0)、1、2或3 g MRF,每天一次饲喂12% CP燕麦精饲料(McCauley Bros, Versailles, KY, USA)。马在夏天可以自由地获取饲料(牧场);冬季在农场生产的成分相似的干草)。在此之前,这些马已经吃了60天同样的食物。在每个周期的第1天和第21天收集每匹马的新鲜粪便样本,并将样本子集保存在- 80°C。使用马ELISA法(ICL Lab, Portland, OR, USA)分析样品分泌的IgA (sIgA), COSMOSID (Germantown, MD, USA)进行微生物组分析(浅鸟枪测序)。数据采用方差分析(SAS 9.4)进行拉丁方分析,P <具有显著性;0.05. 与MRF补充组相比,对照组粪便sIgA浓度的变化(d 1 vs. d 21)更大,与sIgA升高一致(P <;0.05)。对照组Shannon多样性指数最低(P <;0.05),毛螺科(P <;0.05)和其他产丁酸的类群受MRF添加的正影响。此外,对照组丁酸激酶活性较低(P <;0.05)。进一步令人感兴趣的是,当马接受MRF时,抗生素耐药基因(磺胺甲氧嘧啶)的下降趋势(P = 0.07)。虽然这些反应在所有3种MRF治疗中都可以看到,但反应并不总是与MRF剂量线性相关,而是呈二次型反应。然而,汇总治疗数据保持了类似的反应。高水平的sIgA可能与炎症反应有关。众所周知,丁酸盐有助于胃肠细胞健康。这些发现强调了核磁共振成像在一群健康的、没有挑战的马中支持后肠道健康的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Equine microbiome shifts with dietary mannan-rich fraction inclusion
The equine hindgut microbial community is highly sensitive and disturbances can lead to issues like diarrhea or even colic. Some of these disruptions, such as those caused by transport stress, illness, or necessary medications, are beyond the horse owner's control. Consequently, the inclusion of pre-, pro-, and postbiotics in feeds and supplements to support and maintain gut health has garnered much interest. This study evaluated the microbiome and immune response of healthy horses fed different inclusion rates of a mannan-rich fraction (MRF), derived from yeast cell wall. Eight 2-year-old Quarter horses (3 geldings, 5 fillies) were included in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design, so that upon completion of the study each horse had received each treatment (n = 8 per treatment). All experimental and washout periods were 21 d. Treatments included control (0), 1, 2, or 3 g MRF, top-dressed once daily on a 12% CP oat-based concentrate feed (McCauley Bros, Versailles, KY, USA). Horses had ad libitum access to forage (pasture in summer; grass hay of similar composition produced on farm in winter). Horses had been on the same diet for 60 d prior. Fresh fecal samples were collected on d 1 and 21 of each period, from each horse, and subsets of samples stored at −80°C. Samples were analyzed for secretory IgA (sIgA) using an equine ELISA assay (ICL Lab, Portland, OR, USA) while COSMOSID (Germantown, MD, USA) performed microbiome analysis (shallow shotgun sequencing). Data were analyzed as Latin square using ANOVA (SAS 9.4) with significance at P < 0.05. Changes (d 1 vs. d 21) in fecal sIgA concentrations were greater for the control group, consistent with elevated sIgA, compared with the MRF supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Shannon diversity index was lowest for the control group (P < 0.05), with Lachnospiraceae (P < 0.05) and other butyrate-producing taxa positively influenced by MRF supplementation. In addition, butyrate kinase activity was lower in the control group (P < 0.05). Of further interest was a trend for a decline (P = 0.07) in antibiotic-resistant genes (Sulfonimide trimethoprim) when horses received MRF. Although these responses were seen across all 3 MRF treatments, responses were not always linearly correlated with MRF dose, taking on a quadratic type of response. Pooling treatment data, however, maintained similar responses. High levels of sIgA can be associated with an inflammatory response. Butyrate is known to contribute to gastrointestinal cell health. These findings highlight the potential of MRF to support hindgut health in a group of healthy, unchallenged horses.
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来源期刊
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
7.70%
发文量
249
审稿时长
77 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science (JEVS) is an international publication designed for the practicing equine veterinarian, equine researcher, and other equine health care specialist. Published monthly, each issue of JEVS includes original research, reviews, case reports, short communications, and clinical techniques from leaders in the equine veterinary field, covering such topics as laminitis, reproduction, infectious disease, parasitology, behavior, podology, internal medicine, surgery and nutrition.
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