M. Bulavin, T. Enik, E. Kuznetsova, A. Rogachev, S. Tutunnikov, K. Vergel, B. Yuldashev, I. Zinicovscaia, I. Ulanova
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Distribution of Radionuclide Impurities in Irradiated Topaz
Irradiation is one of the most efficient techniques to enhance gemstones, and color enhanced topaz is the best example of commercial application of neutron irradiation. After irradiation the color of topaz turns into deep blue resulting in so-called London blue topaz. However, neutron irradiation induces radionuclides of different half-life time and thus causes radioactivity of the gemstones. For color enhanced topaz it may take up to several months or even years for residual radioactivity to reach a safe level. The residual activity may significantly vary among topaz samples even if they have originally been obtained from the same deposit. We present results of spectroscopic analysis of about 350 irradiated topaz samples. Large variation in residual activity measured in several months after the irradiation is observed. Different types and different concentration of radionuclides are identified. To optimize the color enhancement procedure and to reduce the storage time required to reach the safe level of residual activity, a pre-irradiation procedure is proposed.
期刊介绍：
The journal Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, brief name Particles and Nuclei Letters, publishes the articles with results of the original theoretical, experimental, scientific-technical, methodological and applied research. Subject matter of articles covers: theoretical physics, elementary particle physics, relativistic nuclear physics, nuclear physics and related problems in other branches of physics, neutron physics, condensed matter physics, physics and engineering at low temperatures, physics and engineering of accelerators, physical experimental instruments and methods, physical computation experiments, applied research in these branches of physics and radiology, ecology and nuclear medicine.
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