废锂离子电池铝渣中多晶金属的真空分离行为

IF 3.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114406

Biao Liang , Zhe Gao , Shaoxiong Li , Weichen Yang , Linxing Deng , Yuan Tao , Xiangfeng Kong , Bin Yang , Dachun Liu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

废锂离子电池铝渣是一种兼具二次有价值资源和危险固体废物特性的物质。传统的化学转化处理对生态系统有潜在危害，导致资源利用率降低和能源消耗增加。本研究采用真空冶金技术，利用组成元素的不同挥发和熔化行为，系统地研究了挥发性金属成分的气相分离理论和WLAS中难熔金属的真空熔化行为。热力学分析包括相变吉布斯自由能（ΔG），饱和蒸汽压和最大挥发率证实了通过真空处理铝净化和杂质金属分离的技术可行性。实验结果表明，Al形成了稳定的金属熔体，在1550 K时直接从WLAS中回收纯度为98%的Al。相反，Zn、Na、Ga和Pb经历了完全的固气相变，使它们能够通过挥发有效分离。Fe、Cu和Ni表现出与Al相似的冶金行为，通过液-液分离富集在残余相中。这种有前景的方法不仅可以实现WLAS的环境安全处置，而且可以确保可持续Al资源的有效回收。

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Vacuum separation behavior of polymorphic metal in waste Li-ion battery Al slag

Waste Li-ion battery Al slag (WLAS) is a substance that combines the characteristics of valuable secondary resources and hazardous solid waste. Traditionally chemical conversion treatments pose potential hazards to ecosystems, resulting in lower resource utilization rates and higher energy consumption. In this investigation, vacuum metallurgical techniques were strategically employed, leveraging the distinct volatilization and melting behaviors of constituent elements, to systematically examine the gas-phase separation theory of volatile metallic components and the vacuum melting behavior of refractory metals in WLAS. Thermodynamic analysis encompassing phase transition Gibbs free energy (ΔG), saturated vapor pressure, and maximum volatilization rates substantiated the technical feasibility of Al purification and impurity metal separation through vacuum processing. Experimental findings demonstrated that Al formed a stable metallic melt, with 98 % purity Al being directly recovered from WLAS at 1550 K. Conversely, Zn, Na, Ga, and Pb underwent complete solid-gas phase transitions, enabling their effective separation through volatilization. Fe, Cu, and Ni, exhibiting similar metallurgical behavior to Al, were concentrated in the residual phase through liquid-liquid phase separation. This promising approach not only enabled the environmentally safe disposal of WLAS but also ensured the effective recovery of sustainable Al resources.

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来源期刊

Vacuum 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

17.50%

发文量

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Vacuum is an international rapid publications journal with a focus on short communication. All papers are peer-reviewed, with the review process for short communication geared towards very fast turnaround times. The journal also published full research papers, thematic issues and selected papers from leading conferences. A report in Vacuum should represent a major advance in an area that involves a controlled environment at pressures of one atmosphere or below. The scope of the journal includes: 1. Vacuum; original developments in vacuum pumping and instrumentation, vacuum measurement, vacuum gas dynamics, gas-surface interactions, surface treatment for UHV applications and low outgassing, vacuum melting, sintering, and vacuum metrology. Technology and solutions for large-scale facilities (e.g., particle accelerators and fusion devices). New instrumentation ( e.g., detectors and electron microscopes). 2. Plasma science; advances in PVD, CVD, plasma-assisted CVD, ion sources, deposition processes and analysis. 3. Surface science; surface engineering, surface chemistry, surface analysis, crystal growth, ion-surface interactions and etching, nanometer-scale processing, surface modification. 4. Materials science; novel functional or structural materials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers. Experiments, simulations, and modelling for understanding structure-property relationships. Thin films and coatings. Nanostructures and ion implantation.