Maintaining the sustainability of energy-saving behavior: A comprehensive analytical framework based on empirical evidence and game theory

The sustainability of energy-saving behaviors is crucial for mitigating climate change and achieving the “dual carbon” goals. This study adopts a dual perspective of companies and employees, constructing a multi-level, multi-dimensional, and multi-agent dynamic analysis framework through the analysis of 859 valid data sets. The research findings indicate that approximately 61.23 % of companies have established a favorable green climate, and this climate can directly influence energy-saving behaviors or indirectly affect them through environmental awareness. Furthermore, different agents exhibit varying sensitivities to heterogeneous policies. Therefore, policy design should consider these differences among agents and the combined effects of such policies. This study provides new insights and strategies for advancing the sustainable implementation of energy-saving behaviors.