高粱在苏丹-萨赫勒条件下适应豇豆间作的遗传变异

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2025.109984

Louis-Marie Raboin , Nofou Ouedraogo , Mariam Kabore , Yacouba Zabre , Aminata Ganeme , Laurent Bonnal , Mohamed Habibou Assouma , Eric Gozé , Julie Dusserre

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引用次数: 0

摘要

间作是一种作物多样化战略，通过提供一系列生态系统服务来增强农业生产系统的可持续性。它最大限度地降低了作物歉收的风险，提高了土地利用效率。然而，对能够提高谷物/豆类间作系统性能的品种和性状的认识有限。目的探讨高粱遗传变异对间作性能的影响，确定对间作效果影响最大的遗传性状。方法选用30个品种的高粱作为间作，并以单一豇豆品种为试验材料，分别在纯林分和间作中种植。该实验于2020年和2021年在布基纳法索进行，采用裂地设计，每年重复三次。建立了两种种植制度的基因型排名，并评估了基因型与 种植制度的相互作用。结果间作高粱+豇豆的籽粒总产量与单作高粱（分别为2000 kg ha−1和2051 kg ha−1）差异不显著。间作的籽粒蛋白质产量（290 kg ha−1）高于纯作物（217 kg ha−1）。在大多数性状中观察到显著的基因型变异，很少有显著的基因型与 种植制度相互作用的实例。高粱基因型对豇豆籽粒产量无显著影响，间作豇豆与高粱籽粒产量无显著负相关。2021年，豇豆籽粒产量与高粱生物量呈负相关，与高粱收获指数呈正相关。然而，这场竞争不是为了光，而是为了水。结论在我国条件下，间作高粱品种的选择主要取决于农民对粮食品质和产量的要求，避免选择生物量高、收获指数低的品种。进一步研究豇豆遗传变异对高粱-豇豆间作性能的影响。

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Sorghum genetic variability for adaptation to intercropping with cowpea in Sudano-Sahelian conditions

Context

Intercropping is a crop diversification strategy that enhances the sustainability of agricultural production systems by delivering a range of ecosystem services. It minimizes the risk of crop failure and increases land-use efficiency. However, limited knowledge exists about the varieties and traits that can enhance the performance of cereal/legume intercropping systems.

Objective

This study aims to explore the effect of sorghum genetic variability on intercropping performance and identify the genetic traits of sorghum that most influence the outcomes of intercropping.

Method

Thirty sorghum varieties, representing a broad range of diversity, were grown both in pure stands and as intercrops, with a single cowpea variety used as a tester. The experiment was conducted in 2020 and 2021 in Burkina Faso, using a split-plot design with three replications each year. Genotype rankings were established for both cropping systems, and genotype × cropping system interactions were evaluated.

Results

The total grain yield of the intercrop (sorghum + cowpea) was not significantly different from that of sorghum grown as a pure crop (2000 kg ha⁻¹ and 2051 kg ha⁻¹, respectively). However, the intercrop produced more grain protein (290 kg ha⁻¹) than the pure crop (217 kg ha⁻¹). Significant genotypic variability was observed for most traits, with few instances of significant genotype × cropping system interactions. No significant effect of sorghum genotypes on cowpea grain yield was found, nor was there a negative correlation between cowpea and sorghum grain yields in the intercrop. In 2021, competition was observed through a negative correlation between cowpea grain yield and sorghum biomass, as well as a positive correlation with sorghum harvest index. However, this competition was not for light, but for water.

Conclusions

The choice of sorghum varieties for intercropping in our conditions depends mainly on the farmer's objectives regarding grain quality and production, avoiding varieties with high biomass and low harvest index. Further research should focus on the effect of cowpea genetic variability on the performance of sorghum-cowpea intercropping.

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.