Analysis of urban flood risk for the implementation of sustainable land use measures

Over the past few decades, the intensity and frequency of flooding have increased worldwide, resulting in a significant increase in damage rate. Urban spatial analysis regarding land use has been conducted to address the fundamental problem of flood risk and prepare long-term measures. This study proposes a flood risk assessment approach that integrates vulnerability and hazard components within a Social-Economic-Structural-Environmental (S-E-S-E) framework. Vulnerability is classified into social, economic, and structural factors, while hazard is determined based on environmental variables such as topography and precipitation. The urban flood risk analysis results showed that commercial and residential areas are very dangerous, while green areas are safe for zoning districts. The urban, southwest, and southeast regions were found to be relatively dangerous for regions. These findings indicate that flood risk is high in urban areas with high population density, areas responsible for the key functions of the city, vulnerable groups, and declining urban areas. The proposed method enables the identification of high risk areas, facilitating data-driven land use planning for sustainable urban resilience. This study contributes to urban flood mitigation strategies by providing a systematic approach to spatial risk assessment, which can be adapted to different urban settings facing similar climate challenges.