Cooperation and antagonism in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

By integrating theoretical modelling and single-cell analysis of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Nicotiana plants, a recent study reveals how agrobacterial density governs synergistic and antagonistic effects on transformation outcomes. These insights led to the development of a dual binary vector system that mitigates immune-triggered antagonism, enabling more efficient engineering of complex metabolic pathways in plants.