选择压力在形成葡萄浆原种群对唑沙胺抗性中的作用。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1002/ps.8890

Mattia Peracchi, Giuliana Maddalena, Beatrice Lecchi, Federico Massi, Silvia Laura Toffolatti

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引用次数: 0

摘要

唑沙胺是一种β-微管蛋白抑制剂，广泛用于防治葡萄浆原（Plasmopara viticola）引起的霜霉病。本研究旨在通过定量评估选择压力对葡萄假单胞菌卵孢子群体的影响和抗性相关突变的分子特征，研究唑沙胺抗性的选择及其特性，为抗性管理提供实用见解。结果在2017-2022年的6年时间里，对来自意大利东北部57个葡萄园的126个种群进行了分析。根据毒理学参数，90%的样品对唑沙胺完全敏感(EC50 < 0.2 mg/L；EC95和MIC<10 mg/L)。在100 mg/L唑沙胺处理下，13个样品中检测到抗性个体的萌发率较低（<12%）。只有2个样本的耐药个体频率较高（24-33%）。抗药性主要见于每季使用唑沙胺四次以上的葡萄园。β-微管蛋白基因的部分测序揭示了与耐药菌株相关的密码子239的不同多态性：已知的C239S/G突变（以SG基因型为主）和潜在的新型C239T突变（以前未报道）。结论适度使用杀菌剂，耐药风险较低，表明限制使用杀菌剂以保持敏感性的重要性。抗性机制的遗传多样性反映在β-微管蛋白基因的各种突变上，这表明需要对不同基因型的适应度进行更深入的研究，以评估抗性在白葡萄种群中的传播。©2025作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

The role of selection pressure in shaping zoxamide resistance in Plasmopara viticola populations

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The role of selection pressure in shaping zoxamide resistance in Plasmopara viticola populations

BACKGROUND

Zoxamide, a β-tubulin inhibitor, is widely used in vineyards to control downy mildew caused by the high-risk pathogen Plasmopara viticola. This study aimed to investigate the selection of zoxamide resistance and its characterization, providing practical insights for resistance management, through a twofold approach: a quantitative assessment of selection pressure effects on oospore populations and the molecular characterization of resistance-associated mutations in P. viticola strains.

RESULTS

A total of 126 populations sampled from 57 vineyards mainly located in North-eastern Italy, were analyzed over a 6-year period (2017–2022). Based on toxicological parameters, 90% of the samples were fully sensitive to zoxamide (EC₅₀ < 0.2 mg/L; EC₉₅ and MIC<10 mg/L). Resistant individuals, able to germinate at 100 mg/L zoxamide, were detected in low frequency (<12%) within 13 samples. Only two samples showed a high frequency of resistant individuals (24–33%). Resistance was primarily found in vineyards treated more than four times per season with zoxamide. Partial sequencing of β-tubulin gene revealed different polymorphisms at codon 239 associated with resistant isolates: the known C239S/G mutations, with the SG genotype being predominant, and a potential novel C239T mutation, not previously reported.

CONCLUSION

This study highlighted a low risk of resistance under moderate fungicide application frequencies, indicating the importance of limiting fungicide applications to preserve sensitivity. The genetic diversity of resistance mechanisms, reflected in the various mutations in the β-tubulin gene, underscores the need for a deeper investigation into the fitness of the different genotypes to evaluate resistance spread in P. viticola populations. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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来源期刊

Pest Management Science 农林科学-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

9.80%

发文量

553

审稿时长

4.8 months

期刊介绍： Pest Management Science is the international journal of research and development in crop protection and pest control. Since its launch in 1970, the journal has become the premier forum for papers on the discovery, application, and impact on the environment of products and strategies designed for pest management. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.