全球儿童和青少年眼伤负担，1990-2021：来自全球疾病负担研究的系统分析

IF 4.1 1区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

American Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ajo.2025.04.043

Gongpeng Sun , Hong Luo , Qibo Ran , Ye Wei , Yi Zhang , Xi Huang , Meixia Zhang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：眼损伤是儿童和青少年单眼视力障碍和残疾的主要原因。与成人不同，儿童眼部损伤表现出明显的年龄特异性，由于视力不成熟、长期损伤的风险和弱视，视力结果更差。然而，关于这一人群眼伤负担的全球分布和趋势的研究是有限的。设计基于人群的回顾性趋势研究。方法本研究使用2021年全球疾病负担研究的数据，分析了全球、地区和国家0 - 19岁儿童和青少年的眼部损伤负担。我们通过计算发病率、残疾生活年数（YLD）、年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）和年龄标准化YLD率（ASYR）来评估眼部损伤的流行病学特征。使用联点回归分析评估1990年至2021年ASIR和ASYR的时间趋势，以平均年百分比变化表示。分析进一步按性别、年龄和社会人口指数（SDI）分层，以探索不同亚组的趋势。结果2021年，全球儿童和青少年的ASIR和ASYR分别为434.24 / 10万（95%置信区间[CI]， 305·17- 603.22）和3.19 / 10万（95% CI, 0.96 - 6.99），自1990年以来呈下降趋势。SDI高的地区眼部损伤发生率最高。澳大拉西亚、拉丁美洲南部和西欧在1990年和2021年的asir和asrs最高。从1990年到2021年，阿富汗、也门、利比亚、中非共和国和智利的儿童眼伤增长最为显著。全球数据显示，男孩的眼部伤害发生率约为女孩的1.8倍。2021年，儿童和青少年眼伤发生率随年龄增长而增加。主要原因包括异物、暴露于机械力和跌落。结论：尽管发病率和YLD有所下降，但儿童和青少年眼伤的负担仍然很大。这些发现强调了迫切需要在全球范围内制定和实施有针对性的预防教育倡议和眼保护协议。

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Global Burden of Eye Injuries in Children and Adolescents, 1990 to 2021: A Systematic Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study

PURPOSE

Eye injuries are a leading cause of monocular vision impairment and disability in children and adolescents. Unlike adults, eye injuries in children exhibit significant age specificity, with worse visual outcomes due to immature vision, the risk of long-term damage, and amblyopia. However, research on the global distribution and trends of eye injury burdens in this population is limited.

DESIGN

Retrospective population-based trend study.

METHODS

This study analyzes the burden of eye injuries among children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years globally, regionally, and nationally, using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study. We evaluated the epidemiological characteristics of eye injuries by calculating incidence, years lived with disability (YLD), age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), and age-standardized YLD rates (ASYR). Temporal trends in ASIR and ASYR from 1990 to 2021 were assessed using joinpoint regression analysis, expressed as average annual percentage changes. The analysis was further stratified by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI) to explore trends in different subgroups.

RESULTS

In 2021, the global ASIR and ASYR for children and adolescents were 434.24 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 305.17-603.22) and 3.19 per 100,000 (95% CI, 0.96-6.99), respectively, indicating a decline since 1990. Regions with high SDI showed the highest incidence of eye injuries. Australasia, Southern Latin America, and Western Europe had the highest ASIRs and ASYRs in both 1990 and 2021. From 1990 to 2021, Afghanistan, Yemen, Libya, the Central African Republic, and Chile experienced the most significant increases in pediatric eye injuries. Global data show that boys have an eye injury incidence rate approximately 1.8 times higher than that of girls. In 2021, the incidence of eye injuries among children and adolescents increased with age. The primary causes include foreign bodies, exposure to mechanical forces, and falls.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite observed declines in incidence and YLD, the burden of eye injuries in children and adolescents remains substantial. These findings underscore the urgent need for the development and implementation of targeted preventive education initiatives and ocular protection protocols on a global scale.

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来源期刊

American Journal of Ophthalmology 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

7.10%

发文量

406

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Ophthalmology is a peer-reviewed, scientific publication that welcomes the submission of original, previously unpublished manuscripts directed to ophthalmologists and visual science specialists describing clinical investigations, clinical observations, and clinically relevant laboratory investigations. Published monthly since 1884, the full text of the American Journal of Ophthalmology and supplementary material are also presented online at www.AJO.com and on ScienceDirect. The American Journal of Ophthalmology publishes Full-Length Articles, Perspectives, Editorials, Correspondences, Books Reports and Announcements. Brief Reports and Case Reports are no longer published. We recommend submitting Brief Reports and Case Reports to our companion publication, the American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports. Manuscripts are accepted with the understanding that they have not been and will not be published elsewhere substantially in any format, and that there are no ethical problems with the content or data collection. Authors may be requested to produce the data upon which the manuscript is based and to answer expeditiously any questions about the manuscript or its authors.