评估加纳瓦市城市扩张对植被覆盖和生态系统完整性的环境影响

Justice Aduko , Mohammed Aminu Yakubu , Kwame Anokye
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摘要

本研究考察了加纳瓦市城市扩张对生物多样性保护的环境影响,特别强调了建成区扩张导致的植被覆盖减少。该研究结合了遥感、地理信息系统(GIS)技术和住户调查,分析了1986年至2018年间的土地覆盖变化,以评估城市增长对生态退化的影响程度。研究结果显示,建成区的显著增加,主要是以牺牲开放和河岸林地为代价的,导致本土物种必不可少的栖息地破碎和丧失。该研究进一步确定了城市扩张的主要驱动因素——包括人口增长、住房需求和制度弱点——这些因素共同加剧了对自然生态系统的压力。当地的看法和实地观察也证实了生物多样性的明显下降,例如树种、野生动物和自然植被覆盖的减少。通过将城市空间扩张模式与生态影响直接联系起来,本研究强调了Wa市可持续土地利用规划和生物多样性敏感型城市发展的迫切需要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessing the environmental impacts of urban sprawl on vegetation cover and ecosystem integrity in Wa municipality, Ghana
This study examines the environmental implications of urban sprawl on biodiversity conservation in Wa Municipality, Ghana, with particular emphasis on the reduction of vegetation cover due to the expansion of built-up areas. Using a combination of remote sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, and household surveys, the research analyzes land cover changes between 1986 and 2018 to assess the extent to which urban growth has contributed to ecological degradation. The findings reveal a significant increase in built-up areas, primarily at the expense of open and riparian woodlands, leading to the fragmentation and loss of habitats essential for native species. The study further identifies key drivers of urban sprawl—including population growth, housing demand, and institutional weaknesses—which have collectively intensified pressure on natural ecosystems. Local perceptions and field observations also confirm a noticeable decline in biodiversity, such as reduced tree species, wildlife presence, and natural vegetation cover. Through linking spatial urban expansion patterns directly to ecological impacts, this study highlights the urgent need for sustainable land use planning and biodiversity-sensitive urban development in Wa Municipality.
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