Wen-Hao Han, Feng-Bin Zhang, Shun-Xia Ji, Kai-Lu Liang, Jun-Xia Wang, Xiao-Ping Fan, Shu-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wei Wang
{"title":"生长素-水杨酸跷跷板调节植物生长和食草动物防御之间的年龄依赖平衡","authors":"Wen-Hao Han, Feng-Bin Zhang, Shun-Xia Ji, Kai-Lu Liang, Jun-Xia Wang, Xiao-Ping Fan, Shu-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adu5141","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div >According to the plant vigor hypothesis, younger, more vigorous plants tend to be more susceptible to herbivores compared to older, mature plants, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic remain elusive. Here, we uncover a hormonal cross-talk framework that orchestrates the age-related balance between plant growth and herbivore defense. We demonstrate that the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), synthesized by <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 6 (NbPAL6), dictates insect resistance in adult plants. <i>NbPAL6</i> expression is driven by the key transcription factor, NbMYB42, which is regulated by two interacting auxin response factors, NbARF18La/b. In juvenile plants, higher auxin levels activate <i>Nb</i>miR160c, a microRNA that simultaneously silences <i>NbARF18La/b</i>, subsequently reducing <i>NbMYB42</i> expression, lowering SA accumulation, and thus weakening herbivore defense. Excessive SA in juvenile plants enhances defense but antagonizes auxin signaling, impairing early growth. Our findings suggest a seesaw-like model that balances growth and defense depending on the plant’s developmental stage.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.adu5141","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense\",\"authors\":\"Wen-Hao Han, Feng-Bin Zhang, Shun-Xia Ji, Kai-Lu Liang, Jun-Xia Wang, Xiao-Ping Fan, Shu-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wei Wang\",\"doi\":\"10.1126/sciadv.adu5141\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div >According to the plant vigor hypothesis, younger, more vigorous plants tend to be more susceptible to herbivores compared to older, mature plants, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic remain elusive. Here, we uncover a hormonal cross-talk framework that orchestrates the age-related balance between plant growth and herbivore defense. We demonstrate that the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), synthesized by <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 6 (NbPAL6), dictates insect resistance in adult plants. <i>NbPAL6</i> expression is driven by the key transcription factor, NbMYB42, which is regulated by two interacting auxin response factors, NbARF18La/b. In juvenile plants, higher auxin levels activate <i>Nb</i>miR160c, a microRNA that simultaneously silences <i>NbARF18La/b</i>, subsequently reducing <i>NbMYB42</i> expression, lowering SA accumulation, and thus weakening herbivore defense. Excessive SA in juvenile plants enhances defense but antagonizes auxin signaling, impairing early growth. Our findings suggest a seesaw-like model that balances growth and defense depending on the plant’s developmental stage.</div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21609,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Science Advances\",\"volume\":\"11 19\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":11.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.adu5141\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Science Advances\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adu5141\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Science Advances","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adu5141","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense
According to the plant vigor hypothesis, younger, more vigorous plants tend to be more susceptible to herbivores compared to older, mature plants, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic remain elusive. Here, we uncover a hormonal cross-talk framework that orchestrates the age-related balance between plant growth and herbivore defense. We demonstrate that the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), synthesized by Nicotiana benthamiana phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 6 (NbPAL6), dictates insect resistance in adult plants. NbPAL6 expression is driven by the key transcription factor, NbMYB42, which is regulated by two interacting auxin response factors, NbARF18La/b. In juvenile plants, higher auxin levels activate NbmiR160c, a microRNA that simultaneously silences NbARF18La/b, subsequently reducing NbMYB42 expression, lowering SA accumulation, and thus weakening herbivore defense. Excessive SA in juvenile plants enhances defense but antagonizes auxin signaling, impairing early growth. Our findings suggest a seesaw-like model that balances growth and defense depending on the plant’s developmental stage.
期刊介绍:
Science Advances, an open-access journal by AAAS, publishes impactful research in diverse scientific areas. It aims for fair, fast, and expert peer review, providing freely accessible research to readers. Led by distinguished scientists, the journal supports AAAS's mission by extending Science magazine's capacity to identify and promote significant advances. Evolving digital publishing technologies play a crucial role in advancing AAAS's global mission for science communication and benefitting humankind.