一种高毒力产生ba的剑兰伯克氏菌菌株与2020年中国致命的食源性疫情有关

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105760

Jinrui Hu , Yucheng Xue , Jinhui Zhang , Jinyue Liu , Xiaohua Zheng , Jing Bai , Zhigang Cui , Weiqi Zhong , Haijian Zhou

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引用次数: 0

摘要

剑兰伯克氏菌，特别是其病原菌cocovenenans，通过产生bongkrekic酸（BA），一种由bon基因簇编码的致命三羧酸，对公众健康构成重大威胁。尽管ba相关暴发罕见，但亚洲和莫桑比克的历史病例显示死亡率超过30%。方法2020年10月，中国黑龙江发生了一起与自制发酵玉米有关的食源性疫情。9例有症状的患者3 h内出现急性胃肠炎，14天内死亡。进行常规病原体筛选、黄曲霉毒素定量和毒理学分析。从污染玉米粉中分离得到一株剑兰杆菌，经VITEK 2 Compact和基因组测序鉴定。采用BD Phoenix系统进行药敏试验。基因组分析表征了bon簇、抗性基因和系统发育。结果玉米粉中ba浓度为330.16 mg/kg，胃液中ba浓度为3.16 mg/L。从玉米粉样品中分离到1株YD01。该分离物对β-内酰胺类（如头孢他啶、氨曲南）、呋喃妥英和粘菌素的MIC值升高，但对四环素和美罗培南的敏感性（采用2024 CLSI断点）较高。全基因组测序证实了一个67.5 kbp的bon簇与产生ba的菌株同源，并鉴定了与外排泵和β-内酰胺酶相关的抗生素耐药基因（smeR、smeE、mexB、LRA-1和假假杆菌omallei omp38）。在系统发育上，YD01与美国临床剑兰杆菌株聚集在一起（ANI为99.21%）。结论本次暴发突出了剑兰芽孢杆菌产生高毒力BA和内在多药耐药的双重威胁。该病原体缺乏CLSI断点使临床敏感性解释复杂化，但YD01的耐药谱表明，在经验治疗中，治疗选择有限。为了减轻未来的风险，迫切需要加强监测、制定针对特定物种的抗菌素指南以及针对碳和耐药基因的快速诊断。

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A highly virulent BA-producing Burkholderia gladioli strain linked to a fatal foodborne outbreak in China, 2020

Background

Burkholderia gladioli, particularly its pathovar cocovenenans, poses a significant public health threat through the production of bongkrekic acid (BA), a lethal tricarboxylic fatty acid encoded by the bon gene cluster. Despite the rarity of BA-associated outbreaks, historical cases in Asia and Mozambique demonstrate mortality rates exceeding 30 %.

Methods

In October 2020, a foodborne outbreak occurred in Heilongjiang, China, linked to homemade fermented corn. Nine symptomatic patients developed acute gastroenteritis within 3 h and died within 14 days. Routine pathogen screening, aflatoxin quantification, and toxicological analyses were performed. B. gladioli was isolated from contaminated corn flour, identified via VITEK 2 Compact and genomic sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the BD Phoenix system. Genomic analysis characterized the bon cluster, resistance genes, and phylogeny.

Results

BA concentrations reached 330.16 mg/kg in corn flour and 3.16 mg/L in gastric fluid. One strain YD01, was isolated from the corn flour sample. The isolate exhibited elevated MIC values for β-lactams (e.g., ceftazidime, aztreonam), nitrofurantoin, and colistin, but susceptibility to tetracycline and meropenem using 2024 CLSI breakpoints. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed a 67.5-kbp bon cluster homologous to BA-producing strains and identified antibiotic resistance genes (smeR, smeE, mexB, LRA-1, and B. pseudomallei omp38) associated with efflux pumps and β-lactamases. Phylogenetically, YD01 clustered with clinical B. gladioli strains from the United States (ANI 99.21 %).

Conclusions

This outbreak highlights the dual threat of hypervirulent BA production and intrinsic multidrug resistance in B. gladioli. The absence of CLSI breakpoints for this pathogen complicates clinical susceptibility interpretations, yet YD01's resistance profile suggests limited therapeutic options in empirical treatment. Enhanced surveillance, species-specific antimicrobial guidelines, and rapid diagnostics targeting both bon and resistance genes are urgently needed to mitigate future risks.

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来源期刊

Infection Genetics and Evolution 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

215

审稿时长

82 days

期刊介绍： (aka Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases -- MEEGID) Infectious diseases constitute one of the main challenges to medical science in the coming century. The impressive development of molecular megatechnologies and of bioinformatics have greatly increased our knowledge of the evolution, transmission and pathogenicity of infectious diseases. Research has shown that host susceptibility to many infectious diseases has a genetic basis. Furthermore, much is now known on the molecular epidemiology, evolution and virulence of pathogenic agents, as well as their resistance to drugs, vaccines, and antibiotics. Equally, research on the genetics of disease vectors has greatly improved our understanding of their systematics, has increased our capacity to identify target populations for control or intervention, and has provided detailed information on the mechanisms of insecticide resistance. However, the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, pathogens and vectors have tended to develop as three separate fields of research. This artificial compartmentalisation is of concern due to our growing appreciation of the strong co-evolutionary interactions among hosts, pathogens and vectors. Infection, Genetics and Evolution and its companion congress [MEEGID](http://www.meegidconference.com/) (for Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases) are the main forum acting for the cross-fertilization between evolutionary science and biomedical research on infectious diseases. Infection, Genetics and Evolution is the only journal that welcomes articles dealing with the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, pathogens and vectors, and coevolution processes among them in relation to infection and disease manifestation. All infectious models enter the scope of the journal, including pathogens of humans, animals and plants, either parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses or prions. The journal welcomes articles dealing with genetics, population genetics, genomics, postgenomics, gene expression, evolutionary biology, population dynamics, mathematical modeling and bioinformatics. We also provide many author benefits, such as free PDFs, a liberal copyright policy, special discounts on Elsevier publications and much more. Please click here for more information on our author services .