灌溉和生物炭管理策略对西北干旱区玉米田生态系统多功能性的影响

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI:10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104369

Yang Chen , Xuyu Feng , Yuanzhi Shi , Zunqiu Xu , Xinmei Hao , Ling Tong , Sufen Wang , Risheng Ding

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引用次数: 0

摘要

亏缺灌溉、微咸水灌溉和生物炭应用被广泛认为是干旱灌区节约淡水资源和保护生态环境的关键技术。然而，现有管理策略对农业生态系统多功能性及其权衡的影响仍未得到充分探讨。目的研究不同湿度、盐度和生物炭条件对农业生态系统功能、服务及其相互关系的影响。进一步探索了潜在的权衡机制，为农业生态系统的可持续发展提供了科学依据。方法于2020 - 2021年在西北干旱区进行为期2年的田间试验。试验包括8个处理，设计为3个因素的因子组合：2个灌溉水平(充分灌溉：W1；亏缺灌溉：W2 = 1/2 W1)，两个水盐度水平(淡水：S0 = 0.71 g L−1；半咸淡水：S1 = 4 g L−1)，两种生物炭施用量(B0: 0 g L−1；B1: 60 t / h - 1)。结果与结论与充分灌溉处理相比，亏缺灌溉虽然显著增强了调节服务，但显著降低了供给服务和经济服务，使多种农业生态系统服务平均降低了28%。微咸水全灌缓解了干旱对供给和经济服务的不利影响，但与淡水全灌相比，微咸水全灌普遍降低了支撑、调节、供给和经济服务，最终降低了多种农业生态系统服务。生物炭的应用显著增强了调节功能，同时也为支持和供给服务提供了一定的好处，但显著降低了经济服务，最终导致适当水盐条件下（W1S0、W1S1和W2S0）多种生态系统服务增加了3% ~ 11%。在淡水和微咸水充分灌溉的情况下，生物炭的应用降低了服务之间的权衡程度，表明生物炭在水分充足的条件下通过平衡生产力和环境可持续性提供了一种生态农业模式。研究表明，生物炭的应用可以增强多种农业生态系统服务，减少多种服务之间的权衡，这对特殊水盐处理下的农业可持续发展至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Effects of irrigation and biochar management strategies on the multifunctionality of maize field ecosystem in the arid region of Northwest China

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Effects of irrigation and biochar management strategies on the multifunctionality of maize field ecosystem in the arid region of Northwest China

CONTEXT

Deficit irrigation, brackish water irrigation, and biochar application are widely regarded as crucial technologies for conserving freshwater resources and protecting ecological environment in arid irrigation regions. However, the effects of existing management strategies on agroecosystem multifunctionality and their trade-offs remain insufficiently explored.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the impacts of varying moisture, salinity, and biochar conditions on agroecosystem functions, services, and their interrelationships. It further explored potential trade-off mechanisms, providing a scientific basis for sustainable agroecosystem development.

METHODS

A two-year field experiment was conducted in the arid region of Northwest China from 2020 to 2021. The experiment included eight treatments, which were designed as a factorial combination of three factors: two irrigation levels (full irrigation: W1; deficit irrigation: W2 = 1/2 W1), two water salinity levels (fresh water: S0 = 0.71 g L⁻¹; brackish water: S1 = 4 g L⁻¹), and two biochar application rates (B0: 0 t ha⁻¹; B1: 60 t ha⁻¹).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

Compared to full irrigation treatments, although deficit irrigation significantly enhanced regulating service, it substantially reduced provisioning and economy services, thereby decreasing average multiple agroecosystem services by 28%. Full irrigation with brackish water alleviated the adverse effects of drought on provisioning and economy services, but it generally reduced the supporting, regulating, provisioning, and economy services, ultimately reducing multiple agroecosystem services compared to full irrigation with fresh water. Biochar application significantly enhanced regulating service while also providing certain benefits to supporting and provisioning services, but it significantly reduced economy services, finally leading to an increase of 3%–11% in multiple ecosystem services under appropriate water and salt conditions (W1S0, W1S1 and W2S0). Biochar application decreased the degree of trade-offs among services in most cases under full irrigation with both fresh and brackish water, indicating that biochar provided an ecological agriculture pattern by balancing productivity and environmental sustainability under well-watered conditions.

SIGNIFICANCE

This study demonstrates that biochar application can enhance multiple agroecosystem services and reduce most of trade-offs among multiple services, which is crucial for sustainable agricultural development under special water and salt treatments.

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来源期刊

Agricultural Systems 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

7.60%

发文量

174

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： Agricultural Systems is an international journal that deals with interactions - among the components of agricultural systems, among hierarchical levels of agricultural systems, between agricultural and other land use systems, and between agricultural systems and their natural, social and economic environments. The scope includes the development and application of systems analysis methodologies in the following areas: Systems approaches in the sustainable intensification of agriculture; pathways for sustainable intensification; crop-livestock integration; farm-level resource allocation; quantification of benefits and trade-offs at farm to landscape levels; integrative, participatory and dynamic modelling approaches for qualitative and quantitative assessments of agricultural systems and decision making; The interactions between agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes; the multiple services of agricultural systems; food security and the environment; Global change and adaptation science; transformational adaptations as driven by changes in climate, policy, values and attitudes influencing the design of farming systems; Development and application of farming systems design tools and methods for impact, scenario and case study analysis; managing the complexities of dynamic agricultural systems; innovation systems and multi stakeholder arrangements that support or promote change and (or) inform policy decisions.