扰动强度驱动印度中部热带干燥林的结构、组成和多样性属性

IF 2.7 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100864

Satendra Kumar Rathaude , Shairq Irtiqa , P.P. Abdul Rahim , Zishan Ahmad Wani , Subashree Kothandaraman , Javid Ahmad Dar

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引用次数: 0

摘要

扰动强度对生态系统的结构和功能动态具有重要影响。本文以印度中部热带干燥落叶林为研究对象，研究了不同干扰强度对其结构、多样性和组成属性的影响。在每个8 km2网格中，共布置242个0.5 ha （50 m × 100 m）的矩形样地，用于植物社会学分析和干扰因素及其水平评估。根据干扰程度将样地分为4种类型：0 - 20%的未受干扰林（UDF）、21 - 40%的最小受干扰林（LDF）、41 - 60%的中度受干扰林（MDF）和60%的高度受干扰林（HDF）。在242个地块中，UDF、LDF、MDF和HDF类别分别为48、56、72和66个。高寒草地的主要干扰因子是取火和薪材，而中寒草地的主要干扰因子是放牧和砍干。在不同的干扰强度梯度上共记录到≥10胸径的成树120属45科202种，物种丰富度最高的是UDF（175种），最低的是HDF（145种）。在不同的干扰强度梯度上，林分结构、物种组成、丰富度和树木多样性（Shannon （H’）和Simpson (D)指数）均存在显著差异。干扰强度（HDF）最高的样地树密度(p <；0.001)，基底面积(p <；0.001)，物种丰富度(p <；0.001)，树木多样性：H ' (p <；0.01), D (p <；0.01)，强度梯度高于UDF、LDF和MDF。在径级分布中，小乔木（11 ~ 30 cm）在UDF中占68%，在LDF中占60%，而中等乔木（31 ~ 60 cm）在MDF中占48%，在HDF中占53%。当前的研究结果强调了不同干扰强度对林分结构、组成和多样性的深刻影响，强调了恢复、保护、养护和可持续管理的迫切需要，以实现长期的生态系统服务。

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Disturbance intensity drives structural, compositional and diversity attributes in tropical dry forests of Central India

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Disturbance intensity drives structural, compositional and diversity attributes in tropical dry forests of Central India

Disturbance intensity plays an important role in influencing the structural and functional dynamics of ecosystems. The present study was undertaken in the tropical dry deciduous forests of Central India under varying disturbance intensities to understand their influence on structure, diversity and compositional attributes. In total, 242 rectangular plots of 0.5 ha each (50 m × 100 m) were laid in each 8 km² grid for phytosociological analyses and assessment of disturbance factors and levels. The plots were categorized into four types based on the level of disturbance intensity: 0–20 % {undisturbed forest (UDF)}, 21–40 % {least disturbed forest (LDF)}, 41–60 % {moderately disturbed forest (MDF)} and >60 % {highly disturbed forest (HDF)}. Among the 242 plots, 48, 56, 72 and 66 plots come under UDF, LDF, MDF and HDF categories respectively. The predominant disturbance factors in HDF were fire and fuelwood collection, whereas in the case of MDF, grazing and cut stems were dominant. A total of 202 species (120 genera, 45 families) of adult trees (≥10 diameter at breast height (DBH)) were recorded across the disturbance intensity gradient, with highest species richness in UDF (175 species) and the lowest in HDF (145 species). A significant variation in the stand structure, species composition, richness and tree diversity (Shannon (H′) and Simpson (D) index) has been found across the disturbance intensity gradients. The plots with the highest disturbance intensity (HDF) had the significantly lowest tree density (p < 0.001), basal area (p < 0.001), species richness (p < 0.001), and tree diversity: H′ (p < 0.01), D (p < 0.01) than UDF, LDF and MDF intensity gradients. The diameter-class distribution showed high percentage of small-sized (11–30 cm) trees in UDF (68 %) and LDF (60 %), whereas the medium-sized trees (31–60 cm) were high in MDF (48 %) and HDF (53 %) respectively. The current findings highlight the profound impact of varying disturbance intensities on stand structure, composition and diversity, emphasizing an urgent need for restoration, protection, conservation, and sustainable management for long-term ecosystem services.

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