秘鲁地表水（河流和湖泊）中新出现的污染物评价：发生和环境风险评估

IF 10.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2025.109522

Jessica I. Nieto-Juárez , Noelia R. Sarzosa-Cano , Efraím A. Serna-Galvis , Ricardo A. Torres-Palma , David Fabregat-Safont , Ana M. Botero-Coy , Félix Hernández

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究是调查秘鲁利马省（Rímac河、Chillón河和Lurin河）、阿雷基帕省（Chili-Quilca-Vítor河、Cámana-Majes河和坦博河）和普诺省（的的喀喀湖）主要流域地表水中新出现的污染物（CECs）的存在和环境风险的首批努力之一。在利马和阿雷基帕的两次采样活动（2023年6月和9月至10月）和普诺的一次采样活动（2023年4月至5月）中采集了水样。采用液相色谱-离子迁移-高分辨率质谱联用（LC-IMS-HRMS）和串联质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）对CECs进行定性和定量分析相结合的方法。LC-IMS-HRMS除LC-MS/MS定量的39个目标PhACs外，还鉴定出16种药物活性化合物（PhACs）和其他化合物（甜味剂、兴奋剂、紫外线过滤器和防腐剂）和16种代谢物，具有较高的置信水平。与阿雷基帕和的的喀喀湖（普诺）流域相比，利马流域在药物数量和浓度水平方面显示出最严重的污染，河流和湖泊中的抗生素从上游流域持续到下游流域。在环境风险评估方面，根据水的用途/目的地考虑了五种不同的情景，并采用多标准评分方法确定了相关/有关的phac。阿奇霉素、红霉素、环丙沙星、氟喹、甲氧苄啶、双氯芬酸、对乙酰氨基酚、厄贝沙坦、氯沙坦和代谢物o -地甲基文拉法辛构成高度危险/关注。这些信息将有助于设计CECs观察名单，以及未来的监测计划和环境风险评估，以保护受人为污染影响最严重的脆弱地区。

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Evaluation of contaminants of emerging concern in surface waters (rivers and lake) from Peru: Occurrence and environmental risk assessment

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Evaluation of contaminants of emerging concern in surface waters (rivers and lake) from Peru: Occurrence and environmental risk assessment

This study represents one of the first efforts to investigate the presence and environmental risk of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water of the main watersheds of the Department of Lima (Rímac River, Chillón River, and Lurin River), Department of Arequipa (Chili-Quilca-Vítor River, Cámana-Majes River, and Tambo River), and Department of Puno (Lake Titicaca) from Peru. Water samples were collected during two sampling campaigns (June and September-October 2023) in Lima and Arequipa, and one sampling campaign (April-May 2023) in Puno. A strategy combining qualitative and quantitative analysis of CECs was applied, based on liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-IMS-HRMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), respectively. A total of 16 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and other compounds (sweeteners, stimulants, UV filters, and preservatives) and 16 metabolites were identified by LC-IMS-HRMS with a high level of confidence, in addition to the 39 target PhACs quantified by LC-MS/MS. The watersheds of Lima showed the highest pollution in terms of the number of pharmaceuticals and concentration levels compared to the watersheds of Arequipa and Lake Titicaca (Puno), with antibiotics persisting from the upper watersheds to the lower watersheds in the rivers and the lake. For the environmental risk assessment, five different scenarios were considered depending on the water uses/destinations, and the multicriteria scoring method allowed to identification of relevant/concerning PhACs. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, trimethoprim, diclofenac, acetaminophen, losartan, valsartan, atorvastatin and metabolite O-desmethyl venlafaxine posed a high level of risk/concern. This information will facilitate the design of a Watch List for CECs, with future monitoring programs and environment risk assessments to protect vulnerable areas most affected by anthropogenic pollution.

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来源期刊

Environment International 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

21.90

自引率

3.40%

发文量

734

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Health publishes manuscripts focusing on critical aspects of environmental and occupational medicine, including studies in toxicology and epidemiology, to illuminate the human health implications of exposure to environmental hazards. The journal adopts an open-access model and practices open peer review. It caters to scientists and practitioners across all environmental science domains, directly or indirectly impacting human health and well-being. With a commitment to enhancing the prevention of environmentally-related health risks, Environmental Health serves as a public health journal for the community and scientists engaged in matters of public health significance concerning the environment.