为什么有长长的“角”?精细形态学表明触觉需求对雄性长角甲虫触角的放大有影响(鞘翅目:天牛科)

IF 2.3 2区 生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Rowan L. K. French, Magdalena Kowalewska Groszkowska, Locke Rowe, D. Luke Mahler, Lech Karpiński
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引用次数: 0

摘要

昆虫的触角上覆盖着毛发状的感受器,可以探测到不同的环境信号。对这些功能的选择产生了令人眼花缭乱的各种触角形式,包括许多性别二态性(SD)的例子。天线长度SD在长角甲虫(鞘翅目:天牛科)中特别常见,但人们对其了解甚少。极其细长的雄性触角可以扩大个体寻找配偶的范围,使其能够通过触角接触快速识别。或者,它们可能通过携带更多的嗅觉感受器来增加对空气中信息素的敏感性。我们通过模拟天牛属(Anoplistes)的感觉器官分布和丰度来验证这些假设。Anoplistes是一种在天线长度和SD上存在广泛差异的天牛属。嗅觉感官丰度与触角节长度有关;相反,机械和接触化学感觉的感受器聚集在天线尖端附近,与接触介导的配偶识别一致。如果尖端部分起着重要的触觉作用,那就可以解释为什么在一些具有长而两性二态触角的物种中,它的触角特别长。然而,在其他具有强触角SD的Anoplistes物种中,所有片段都表现出类似水平的二态性。总的来说,我们的结果表明,天线SD的替代途径在Anoplistes中迅速进化,可能是由于触觉选择的不同模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Why the Long “Horns”? Fine-Scale Morphology Suggests Tactile Demands Contributed to the Exaggeration of Male Longhorned Beetle Antennae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Why the Long “Horns”? Fine-Scale Morphology Suggests Tactile Demands Contributed to the Exaggeration of Male Longhorned Beetle Antennae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Insect antennae are covered in hairlike sensilla that detect diverse environmental cues. Selection on these functions has produced a bewildering variety of antennal forms, including many examples of sexual dimorphism (SD). Antenna length SD is particularly common, but poorly understood, in longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Extremely elongate male antennae may extend the reach of individuals searching for mates, enabling rapid recognition via antennal contact. Alternatively, they may increase sensitivity to airborne pheromones by bearing more olfactory sensilla. We tested these hypotheses by modeling sensillum distributions and abundances across species and sexes of Anoplistes, a cerambycid genus with extensive variation in antenna length and SD. We found limited evidence that olfactory sensillum abundance scales with antenna segment length; instead, mechano- and contact chemosensory sensilla cluster near the antenna tip, consistent with contact-mediated mate recognition. If the tip segment serves an important tactile role, that may explain why it is exceptionally elongated in males of several species with long, sexually dimorphic antennae. In other Anoplistes species with strong antennal SD, however, all segments exhibit similar levels of dimorphism. Collectively, our results suggest that alternative pathways to antenna SD evolved rapidly in Anoplistes, perhaps due to different patterns of selection on tactile sensation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
1027
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Ecology and Evolution is the peer reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of ecology, evolution and conservation science. The journal gives priority to quality research reports, theoretical or empirical, that develop our understanding of organisms and their diversity, interactions between them, and the natural environment. Ecology and Evolution gives prompt and equal consideration to papers reporting theoretical, experimental, applied and descriptive work in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The journal will consider submissions across taxa in areas including but not limited to micro and macro ecological and evolutionary processes, characteristics of and interactions between individuals, populations, communities and the environment, physiological responses to environmental change, population genetics and phylogenetics, relatedness and kin selection, life histories, systematics and taxonomy, conservation genetics, extinction, speciation, adaption, behaviour, biodiversity, species abundance, macroecology, population and ecosystem dynamics, and conservation policy.
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