城市绿地与心理健康：来自乌干达的调查结果

Hygiene and environmental health advances Pub Date : 2025-05-03 DOI:10.1016/j.heha.2025.100126

Hilbert Mendoza , Solomon T. Wafula , Katrien De Troeyer , Hayat Bentouhami , Busisiwe Shezi , Grace Biyinzika Lubega , Rawlance Ndejjo , John Bosco Isunju , Richard Mugambe , David Musoke , Lidia Casas

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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市绿地（UGS）可以改善高收入国家的心理健康。然而，来自低收入非洲国家的证据很少。在这里，我们评估了乌干达坎帕拉地区成年居民中UGS与抑郁和焦虑症状的关联，社会人口因素的潜在影响，以及社会互动、户外体育活动和住宅距离作为交通相关空气污染的代理的中介作用。方法对641名成人进行横断面调查。我们使用归一化植被指数（NDVI）在住宅周围100 m和1000 m的缓冲区内客观地测量了UGS。我们评估了个人在过去6个月内访问UGS的自我报告频率（从不，偶尔和频繁）。采用《患者健康问卷-9》和《广泛性焦虑障碍7项量表》分别检测抑郁和焦虑症状的严重程度。我们使用改进的泊松回归模型获得95%置信区间（CI）的患病率（PR），对模型进行分层，并进行中介分析。结果我们观察到UGS与两种结果呈负相关。例如，在100米缓冲范围内，UGS的四分位数范围增加分别与抑郁和焦虑症状减少6%和8%相关(PR=0.94；95% CI= 0.89-0.99， PR=0.92；95% CI= 0.85-0.95)。一贯地，与不去UGS相比，经常去UGS的人抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率分别降低33%和35% (PR=0.67；95% CI=0.53 ~ 0.84， PR=0.65；95% CI= 0.47-0.91)。根据UGS指标，我们观察到不同性别、年龄和教育水平的潜在影响改变结果。最后，住宅与主要道路的距离成为住宅周围绿化与抑郁症状之间关联的中介。结论UGS对快速城市化的非洲低收入城市居民的心理健康也有改善作用。

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Urban green spaces and mental health: Findings from Uganda

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Urban green spaces and mental health: Findings from Uganda

Background

Urban green spaces (UGS) may improve mental health in high-income countries. However, evidence from low-income African countries is scarce. Here, we assessed the associations of UGS with depressive and anxiety symptoms among adult residents of Kampala District (Uganda), the potential effect modification by sociodemographic factors, and the mediation roles of social interaction, outdoor physical activity, and residential distance to major roads as a proxy of traffic-related air pollution.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 641 adults. We objectively measured UGS using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within buffers of 100 m and 1,000 m around the residences. We assessed the utilization of UGS as a self-reported frequency (never, occasionally, and frequently) by which individuals visited UGS in the past 6 months. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale were used to examine the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms respectively. We used modified Poisson regression models to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) with their 95 % confidence intervals (CI), stratified our models, and conducted mediation analyses.

Results

We observed an inverse association between UGS and both outcomes. For example, an inter-quartile range increase in UGS within a 100 m buffer was associated with a 6 % and 8 % decrease in depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively (PR=0.94; 95 % CI=0.89–0.99, and PR=0.92; 95 % CI=0.85–0.95, respectively). Consistently, frequent visits to UGS relative to no visits were associated with a 33 % and 35 % lower prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms (PR=0.67; 95 %CI=0.53–0.84, and PR=0.65; 95 %CI=0.47–0.91, respectively). Depending on the UGS metric, we observed varying potential effect modification findings by sex, age, and educational level. Finally, residential distance to major roads emerged as a mediator in the association between residential surrounding greenness and depressive symptoms.