Examining park users' support for emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) control in urban parks

Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmare; EAB) is a woodboring beetle that is considered one of the most damaging invasive forest insects in North America, causing near-complete mortality of native ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees across multiple states. Management options include both biological control using parasitoid wasps from EAB's native range, and chemical control with systemic insecticides. Although both strategies are being used to control EAB, the public's support for these methods is not well understood. In 2023, we surveyed 174 urban park users in northeastern Georgia, United States, to identify determinants of their support for EAB control. Most respondents were not previously aware of EAB and ash trees, although they valued the ecosystem services provided by park trees. Respondents were more supportive of biological control than chemical control, perceiving greater ecological and human well-being risks from chemical control. Respondents' risk perceptions pertaining to control methods and EAB, and their attitudes towards ash trees influenced their support for EAB control. Birdwatchers were less likely to support chemical control and individuals who like to sit and enjoy nature were more likely to support biological control. Our results suggest that park managers' outreach about EAB control should emphasize the aesthetic appeal and ecosystem services provided by urban ash trees and the invasion impacts of EAB. Outreach should also highlight that EAB control does not pose ecological or human well-being risks, that parasitoid wasps help to secure ecosystem function through pest control and do not pose a risk to people, and that EAB control will not adversely impact recreational activities within the park.