在印度东北部实现与马来熊(Helarctos malayanus)的共存:为社区提供实际的共同利益是实现长期外展影响的关键

IF 2.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Sushanto Gouda, Anthony J. Giordano
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球大多数熊的数量都在下降。然而,建立公众对熊保护的支持,并克服社区对人熊冲突的不容忍,往往需要持续和适应性的努力。只要有可能,这种努力也可以创新地解决当地的需要。在这里,我们试图首先确定在印度米佐拉姆邦丹帕老虎保护区(DTR)周围影响社区对马来熊(Helarctos malayanus)态度的因素。然后,我们试图了解我们关于马来熊生态、缓解冲突的方法和改善生计选择的推广是否对社区观念、当地行为和生计实践产生了长期影响。在5年的时间里,我们在与我们的保护规划有关的三个不同的时间间隔中采访了950名当地人:活动前、活动结束后和几年后。总体而言,我们发现社区对马来熊保护工作的支持在我们最初(77.05%)和最终访谈(82.2%)之间略有增加。然而,我们观察到,在我们的第一次和最后一次访谈之间,接触我们的外展活动的年轻(40岁)受访者的支持率(从72%增加到88.5%)显著增加(χ2 = 0.31, df = 2, p < 0.050)。我们还看到,在缺乏正规教育的受访者中,对马来熊和一般保护行动的支持增加了20% (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.05)。最后,我们发现56.58%的受访者最终采用了我们在推广项目中推广、讨论或与他们分享的替代生计选择。此外,这些变化伴随着不可持续的农业做法的显著减少和森林覆盖的增加。尽管我们产生了积极的净影响,但对该地区生物多样性的严重威胁仍然存在,包括商业偷猎和有计划的扩大作物单一栽培;这种威胁突出表明,继续需要有效的执法工具和行动、鼓励可持续性的政策和做法,以及采用创新的外联办法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Achieving coexistence with the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) in northeastern India: The provision of practical co-benefits to communities is critical to achieving long-term outreach impact

Achieving coexistence with the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) in northeastern India: The provision of practical co-benefits to communities is critical to achieving long-term outreach impact

Most global bear populations are declining. Building public support for bear conservation, however, and overcoming community intolerance of human–bear conflict, often requires continuous and adaptive efforts. Whenever possible, such efforts could also innovatively address local needs. Here, we attempted to first identify those factors most influencing the attitudes of communities toward the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) around Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR) (Mizoram, India). We then sought to understand if our outreach about sun bear ecology, methods for mitigating conflict, and improved livelihood options, had any long-term impact on community perceptions, local behavior, and livelihood practices. We interviewed a total of 950 locals over 5 years at three different intervals relating to our conservation programming: before activities, immediately upon concluding activities, and several years later. Overall, we found a slight increase in community support for sun bear conservation efforts between our initial (77.05%) and final interviews (82.2%). However, we observed a significantly greater increase in support among younger (<40 years) respondents exposed to our outreach activities (from 72% to 88.5%) between our first and final interviews (χ2 = 0.31, df = 2, p < .050). We also saw a >20% increase in support for sun bear and general conservation action among respondents lacking a formal education (R2 = 0.71, p < .05). Finally, we found that 56.58% of total respondents had ultimately adopted alternative livelihood options that we promoted, discussed, or shared with them during our outreach programs. Furthermore, these changes were concomitant with a measurable decrease in unsustainable agricultural practices, and an increase in forest cover, around DTR. Despite our net positive impacts, serious threats to biodiversity in the region remain, including commercial poaching, and planned expansion of crop monocultures; such threats underscore the continued need for effective enforcement tools and action, policies and practices that incentivize sustainability, and use of innovative outreach approaches.

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来源期刊
Conservation Science and Practice
Conservation Science and Practice BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
6.50%
发文量
240
审稿时长
10 weeks
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