Investigating the applicability of the state parameter-based scaling law for granular material using DEM

Granular materials are typically state-dependent materials, with their strength and deformation behaviors being dependent on density and stress state. Although some studies have adopted the state parameter-based scaling law for application in model tests, their applicability has not been systematically investigated. This paper employs Discrete Element Method (DEM) to conduct drained and undrained monotonic triaxial tests, and undrained cyclic triaxial tests, to investigate the validity of Rocha’s assumption and applicability of the state parameter-based scaling law. The simulation results indicate that the state parameter-based scaling law is suitable for physical modeling of geotechnical problems that prioritize peak or instability strength. The state parameter can roughly determine the liquefaction resistance, supporting its applicability to soil liquefaction problems. However, to ensure the accuracy of the model tests, the overburden stress ratio between the prototype and the model should be chosen within 5 to 10 times.