血清全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质与性激素/胰岛素失调的女性特异性关联：一项基于人群的综合研究

IF 6.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118273

Le-Xin Yang , Junyu Zhai , Zi-Jiang Chen , Yanzhi Du

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引用次数: 0

摘要

无所不在的全氟烷基/多氟烷基物质（PFASs）表现出性别差异的血液积聚。然而，PFASs与胰岛素激素失调之间的性别和年龄特异性联系仍然未知。方法本研究基于人群，利用2013-2016年全国健康与营养检查调查的调查加权数据。PFASs与性激素或胰岛素相关指标之间的相关性评估使用调查加权广义线性模型（SWGLM）进行个体分析，加权分位数和（WQS）回归进行混合分析，按性别和年龄分层。使用贝叶斯核机回归（BKMR）验证混合相关的结果，并通过绝经状态分层进一步检查。此外，我们还研究了胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）是否介导性激素与全氟辛烷磺酸（Sm-PFOS）单甲基支链异构体之间的性别特异性关系。结果以下结果仅适用于女性。在SWGLM中，线性全氟辛酸（n-PFOA）和稳态模型评估β细胞功能（HOMA-β）在女性中呈正相关，这种相关性在≥ 60岁的人群中增强。在WQS中，PFAS混合物与女性总睾酮/雌二醇（TT/E2）呈正相关，与雌二醇（E2）负相关，但在绝经后参与者中没有；BKMR显示的趋势与先前的发现一致。这些关联在20-59岁的女性中增强，WQS中20-39岁和40-59岁年龄组的主要污染物分别是n-PFOA和全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）。Sm-PFOS与游离雄激素指数和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）之间的关系由HOMA-IR介导。结论本横断面研究揭示了PFASs与胰岛素-激素失衡之间的女性特异性关联，提示PFASs对女性内分泌的多方面影响。

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Female-specific associations of serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with sex hormonal/insulin dysregulation: An integrated population-based study

Background

Ubiquitous perfluoroalkyl/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exhibit sex-differential blood accumulation. However, sex- and age-specific links between PFASs and insulin-hormone dysregulation remain unknown.

Methods

This population-based study utilized survey-weighted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016. Correlations between PFASs and sex hormone- or insulin-related indicators were assessed using a survey-weighted generalized linear model (SWGLM) for individual analyses and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression for mixture analyses, stratified by sex and age. The mixture-related findings were validated with Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and further examined through stratification by menopausal status. Moreover, we investigated whether homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) mediated the relationships between sex hormones and monomethyl branched isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (Sm-PFOS) sex-specifically.

Results

The following results persisted only in females. In SWGLM, linear perfluorooctanoate (n-PFOA) and homeostatic model assessment of β cell function (HOMA-β) were positively correlated in females, with this correlation strengthening in those aged ≥ 60. In WQS, PFAS mixture was positively associated with total testosterone/estradiol (TT/E₂) and negatively associated with estradiol (E₂) in females, but not in postmenopausal participants; the BKMR demonstrated trends consistent with prior findings. These associations intensified in females aged 20–59, with n-PFOA and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) being main pollutants in the 20–39 and 40–59 age groups, respectively in WQS. The relationships between Sm-PFOS and both free androgen index and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were mediated by HOMA-IR.

Conclusions

This cross-sectional study reveals female-specific associations between PFASs and insulin-hormone imbalance, suggesting multifaceted influences of PFASs on female endocrinology.

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来源期刊

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

1234

审稿时长

88 days

期刊介绍： Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers three main themes. The topics within these themes, indicated below, include (but are not limited to) the following: Ecotoxicology、Environmental Chemistry、Environmental Safety etc.