Rapid screening of antioxidants in biodegradable plastics by surface-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry

Antioxidants are added into biodegradable plastics to prevent polymer degradation caused by oxidation, thereby prolonging the lifespan and maintaining the physical properties of plastics. However, during the degradation process, additives may be released into the environment or food, posing risks of pollution and health hazards. In this study, a surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) method was developed for rapid identification and quantification of antioxidants in biodegradable plastics. Graphene oxide (GO) was utilized as an ionization assistant to enhance ionization efficiency and minimize background interference. The method was optimized using four common antioxidants (1098, 1520, 1726, and 3114), achieving reliable identification through accurate mass measurements and tandem MS (MS/MS) analysis. Dynamic range curves were derived from standard solutions with determination coefficients exceeding 0.989. The performance of the method was also evaluated using authentic samples and commercially available biodegradable plastic products with recovery rates ranging from 78% to 109%, and limit of detection is 5.0 g kg⁻¹. Sample preparation is straightforward and the entire analytical process can be completed within just a few minutes. This method is suitable for rapid qualitative detection of additives in biodegradable plastics as well as quantitative evaluation of substance content variations during plastic degradation. It shows promise as a valuable tool for quality control and safety assurance in the plastic industry.