Haihua Qiu, Shilin Wen, Lu Zhang, Minggang Xu, Zejiang Cai
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The treatments included no fertilization (control), chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), NPK with straw return (NPKS), NPK combined with swine manure (NPKM), and swine manure only (M).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>As compared to control, soil total aluminum (Al<sub>t</sub>) decreased by 10.12 and 21.15 g kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPKM and M, respectively, while mineral aluminum (Al<sub>min</sub>) and iron oxide-bound aluminum (Al<sub>DCB</sub>) decreased by 5.36—20.12 g kg<sup>−1</sup> and 674.77—772.98 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPKS, NPKM and M treatments. Aluminum hydroxide (Al<sub>oh</sub>) increased by 158.02 and 330.16 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPKM and M treatments, but decreased 101.00 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPK treatment. Exchangeable aluminum (Al<sub>ex</sub>) increased by 702.71 and 624.95 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPK and NPKS treatments, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that maize yields were positively affected by soil pH and Al<sub>oh</sub>, but negatively correlated with Al<sub>ex</sub> (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, Al<sub>ex</sub> was negatively correlated with soil pH, exchangeable calcium (Ex.Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and Al<sub>oh</sub>. The Al<sub>oh</sub> was positively correlated with soil pH, Ex.Ca<sup>2+</sup>, soil organic matter fractions, dissolved organic matter component 1 and component 2.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This research indicates that long-term swine manure amendment reduced total aluminum but increased aluminum hydroxide in surface soil, which played an important role in preventing red soil acidification and sustaining maize yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Total aluminum reduced but aluminum hydroxide increased in red soil of southern China after long-term swine manure amendment\",\"authors\":\"Haihua Qiu, Shilin Wen, Lu Zhang, Minggang Xu, Zejiang Cai\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-025-07492-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Aims</h3><p>Swine manure as an alternative amendment has proven to effectively alleviate red soil acidification, but the mechanisms are not fully understood.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Methods</h3><p>A 32-year field experiment was selected to investigate the effectiveness of swine manure amendment on red soil aluminum species, and their contribution to acidification and maize yields. The treatments included no fertilization (control), chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), NPK with straw return (NPKS), NPK combined with swine manure (NPKM), and swine manure only (M).</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Results</h3><p>As compared to control, soil total aluminum (Al<sub>t</sub>) decreased by 10.12 and 21.15 g kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPKM and M, respectively, while mineral aluminum (Al<sub>min</sub>) and iron oxide-bound aluminum (Al<sub>DCB</sub>) decreased by 5.36—20.12 g kg<sup>−1</sup> and 674.77—772.98 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPKS, NPKM and M treatments. Aluminum hydroxide (Al<sub>oh</sub>) increased by 158.02 and 330.16 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPKM and M treatments, but decreased 101.00 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPK treatment. Exchangeable aluminum (Al<sub>ex</sub>) increased by 702.71 and 624.95 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> under NPK and NPKS treatments, respectively. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的猪粪作为一种替代改良剂已被证明能有效缓解红壤酸化，但其机制尚不完全清楚。方法采用32年田间试验，研究猪粪改良剂对红壤铝种的影响及其对酸化和玉米产量的影响。处理包括不施肥（对照）、化学氮磷钾（NPK）、氮磷钾与秸秆还田（NPKS）、氮磷钾与猪粪配合（NPKM）和只施用猪粪(M)。结果与对照相比，NPKM和M处理土壤总铝（Alt）分别减少10.12和21.15 g kg - 1，而NPKS、NPKM和M处理的无矿铝（Almin）和氧化铁结合铝（alcb）分别减少5.36 ~ 20.12 g kg - 1和674.77 ~ 772.98 mg kg - 1。NPKM和M处理的氢氧化铝（Aloh）含量分别增加了158.02和330.16 mg kg - 1，而NPK处理则减少了101.00 mg kg - 1。NPK和NPKS处理下，可交换铝含量分别增加702.71和624.95 mg kg−1。相关性分析表明，土壤pH和Aloh对玉米产量有显著正影响，与Alex负相关（p < 0.01）。此外，亚历克斯与土壤pH、交换性钙（如ca2 +）和Aloh呈负相关。Aloh与土壤pH、Ex.Ca2+、土壤有机质组分、溶解有机质组分1和组分2呈正相关。结论长期施用猪粪可降低表层土壤总铝含量，但增加表层土壤氢氧化铝含量，对防止红壤酸化和维持玉米产量具有重要作用。
Total aluminum reduced but aluminum hydroxide increased in red soil of southern China after long-term swine manure amendment
Aims
Swine manure as an alternative amendment has proven to effectively alleviate red soil acidification, but the mechanisms are not fully understood.
Methods
A 32-year field experiment was selected to investigate the effectiveness of swine manure amendment on red soil aluminum species, and their contribution to acidification and maize yields. The treatments included no fertilization (control), chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), NPK with straw return (NPKS), NPK combined with swine manure (NPKM), and swine manure only (M).
Results
As compared to control, soil total aluminum (Alt) decreased by 10.12 and 21.15 g kg−1 under NPKM and M, respectively, while mineral aluminum (Almin) and iron oxide-bound aluminum (AlDCB) decreased by 5.36—20.12 g kg−1 and 674.77—772.98 mg kg−1 under NPKS, NPKM and M treatments. Aluminum hydroxide (Aloh) increased by 158.02 and 330.16 mg kg−1 under NPKM and M treatments, but decreased 101.00 mg kg−1 under NPK treatment. Exchangeable aluminum (Alex) increased by 702.71 and 624.95 mg kg−1 under NPK and NPKS treatments, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that maize yields were positively affected by soil pH and Aloh, but negatively correlated with Alex (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Alex was negatively correlated with soil pH, exchangeable calcium (Ex.Ca2+) and Aloh. The Aloh was positively correlated with soil pH, Ex.Ca2+, soil organic matter fractions, dissolved organic matter component 1 and component 2.
Conclusions
This research indicates that long-term swine manure amendment reduced total aluminum but increased aluminum hydroxide in surface soil, which played an important role in preventing red soil acidification and sustaining maize yields.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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