Synergistic Effects of ZnO and Cu Nanoparticles on the Properties of PVP/PEO Polymer Nanocomposites

Polymer nanocomposites have garnered significant interest for their potential in different applications. Precise control over their structural, optical, and electrical properties using hybrid ZnO/Cu NPs fillers is crucial for optimizing performance in these applications. To address this need, herein, we investigate the effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) on structural, optical, and dielectric/electrical properties of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) blends. The nanocomposites were synthesized by incorporating 1.5 wt% ZnO NPs and varying concentrations of Cu NPs (1.0% and 3.0%) into the PVP/PEO matrix. The prepared films were characterized using FTIR, XRD, UV/Vis spectroscopy, dielectric analysis, and impedance spectroscopy. FTIR and XRD analyses indicated structural changes, including reduced crystallinity and improved polymer–nanofiller interactions. Optical measurements revealed a redshift in absorption edge and a decrease in optical band gap, with values shifting from 4.89 eV (direct) and 3.99 eV (indirect) to 4.16 and 2.13 eV, respectively. Dielectric analysis showed enhanced dielectric constants and interfacial polarization effects, while AC conductivity measurements demonstrated an increase in conductivity. The Nyquist plot confirmed reduced bulk resistance and improved electrical conductivity with higher filler concentrations. These findings underscore the potential of these nanocomposites for applications in optoelectronic devices and sensors.