Gordon L. Jensen MD, PhD, Tommy Cederholm MD, PhD, M. Isabel T. D. Correia MD, PhD, M. Cristina Gonzalez MD, PhD, Ryoji Fukushima MD, PhD, Veeradej Pisprasert MD, PhD, Renee Blaauw PhD, RD, Diana Cardenas Braz MD, PhD, Fernando Carrasco MD, MS, Alfonso J. Cruz Jentoft MD, PhD, Cristina Cuerda MD, PhD, David C. Evans MD, Vanessa Fuchs-Tarlovsky PhD, MD, Leah Gramlich MD, Han Ping Shi MD, PhD, Jeanette M. Hasse PhD, RD, Michael Hiesmayr MD, Naoki Hiki MD, PhD, Harriët Jager-Wittenaar PhD, RD, Shukri Jahit MD, Anayanet Jáquez MD, Heather Keller PhD, RD, Stanislaw Klek MD, PhD, Ainsley Malone MS, RD, Kris M. Mogensen MS, RD-AP, Naoharu Mori MD, PhD, Manpreet Mundi MD, Maurizio Muscaritoli MD, Doris Ng MRCP, DPhil, Ibolya Nyulasi MSc, APD, Matthias Pirlich MD, PhD, Stephane Schneider MD, PhD, Marian de van der Schueren PhD, RD, Soranit Siltharm MD, Pierre Singer MD, Alison Steiber PhD, RDN, Kelly A. Tappenden PhD, RD, Jianchun Yu MD, PhD, André van Gossum MD, PhD, Jaw-Yuan Wang MD, PhD, Marion F. Winkler PhD, RD, Charlene Compher PhD, RD, Rocco Barazzoni MD, PhD
{"title":"GLIM共识方法诊断营养不良:5年更新","authors":"Gordon L. Jensen MD, PhD, Tommy Cederholm MD, PhD, M. Isabel T. D. Correia MD, PhD, M. Cristina Gonzalez MD, PhD, Ryoji Fukushima MD, PhD, Veeradej Pisprasert MD, PhD, Renee Blaauw PhD, RD, Diana Cardenas Braz MD, PhD, Fernando Carrasco MD, MS, Alfonso J. Cruz Jentoft MD, PhD, Cristina Cuerda MD, PhD, David C. Evans MD, Vanessa Fuchs-Tarlovsky PhD, MD, Leah Gramlich MD, Han Ping Shi MD, PhD, Jeanette M. Hasse PhD, RD, Michael Hiesmayr MD, Naoki Hiki MD, PhD, Harriët Jager-Wittenaar PhD, RD, Shukri Jahit MD, Anayanet Jáquez MD, Heather Keller PhD, RD, Stanislaw Klek MD, PhD, Ainsley Malone MS, RD, Kris M. Mogensen MS, RD-AP, Naoharu Mori MD, PhD, Manpreet Mundi MD, Maurizio Muscaritoli MD, Doris Ng MRCP, DPhil, Ibolya Nyulasi MSc, APD, Matthias Pirlich MD, PhD, Stephane Schneider MD, PhD, Marian de van der Schueren PhD, RD, Soranit Siltharm MD, Pierre Singer MD, Alison Steiber PhD, RDN, Kelly A. Tappenden PhD, RD, Jianchun Yu MD, PhD, André van Gossum MD, PhD, Jaw-Yuan Wang MD, PhD, Marion F. Winkler PhD, RD, Charlene Compher PhD, RD, Rocco Barazzoni MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/jpen.2756","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) introduced an approach for malnutrition diagnosis in 2019 that comprised screening followed by assessment of three phenotypic criteria (weight loss, low body mass index [BMI], and low muscle mass) and two etiologic criteria (reduced food intake/assimilation and inflammation/disease burden). This planned update reconsiders the GLIM framework based on published knowledge and experience over the past 5 years.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>A working group (<i>n</i> = 43 members) conducted a literature search spanning 2019–2024 using the keywords “Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition or GLIM.” Prior GLIM guidance activities for using the criteria on muscle mass and inflammation were reviewed. Successive rounds of revision and review were used to achieve consensus.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>More than 400 scientific reports were published in peer-reviewed journals, forming the basis of 10 systematic reviews, some including meta-analyses of GLIM validity that indicate strong construct and predictive validity. Limitations and future priorities are discussed. Working group findings suggest that assessment of low muscle mass should be guided by experience and available technological resources. Clinical judgment may suffice to evaluate the inflammation/disease burden etiologic criterion. No revisions of the weight loss, low BMI, or reduced food intake/assimilation criteria are suggested. After two rounds of review and revision, the working group secured 100% agreement with the conclusions reported in the 5-year update.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Ongoing initiatives target priorities that include malnutrition risk screening procedures, GLIM adaptation to the intensive care setting, assessment in support of the reduced food intake/assimilation criterion, and determination of malnutrition in obesity.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":16668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","volume":"49 4","pages":"414-427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpen.2756","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"GLIM consensus approach to diagnosis of malnutrition: A 5-year update\",\"authors\":\"Gordon L. Jensen MD, PhD, Tommy Cederholm MD, PhD, M. Isabel T. D. Correia MD, PhD, M. Cristina Gonzalez MD, PhD, Ryoji Fukushima MD, PhD, Veeradej Pisprasert MD, PhD, Renee Blaauw PhD, RD, Diana Cardenas Braz MD, PhD, Fernando Carrasco MD, MS, Alfonso J. Cruz Jentoft MD, PhD, Cristina Cuerda MD, PhD, David C. Evans MD, Vanessa Fuchs-Tarlovsky PhD, MD, Leah Gramlich MD, Han Ping Shi MD, PhD, Jeanette M. Hasse PhD, RD, Michael Hiesmayr MD, Naoki Hiki MD, PhD, Harriët Jager-Wittenaar PhD, RD, Shukri Jahit MD, Anayanet Jáquez MD, Heather Keller PhD, RD, Stanislaw Klek MD, PhD, Ainsley Malone MS, RD, Kris M. Mogensen MS, RD-AP, Naoharu Mori MD, PhD, Manpreet Mundi MD, Maurizio Muscaritoli MD, Doris Ng MRCP, DPhil, Ibolya Nyulasi MSc, APD, Matthias Pirlich MD, PhD, Stephane Schneider MD, PhD, Marian de van der Schueren PhD, RD, Soranit Siltharm MD, Pierre Singer MD, Alison Steiber PhD, RDN, Kelly A. Tappenden PhD, RD, Jianchun Yu MD, PhD, André van Gossum MD, PhD, Jaw-Yuan Wang MD, PhD, Marion F. Winkler PhD, RD, Charlene Compher PhD, RD, Rocco Barazzoni MD, PhD\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jpen.2756\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) introduced an approach for malnutrition diagnosis in 2019 that comprised screening followed by assessment of three phenotypic criteria (weight loss, low body mass index [BMI], and low muscle mass) and two etiologic criteria (reduced food intake/assimilation and inflammation/disease burden). This planned update reconsiders the GLIM framework based on published knowledge and experience over the past 5 years.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>A working group (<i>n</i> = 43 members) conducted a literature search spanning 2019–2024 using the keywords “Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition or GLIM.” Prior GLIM guidance activities for using the criteria on muscle mass and inflammation were reviewed. Successive rounds of revision and review were used to achieve consensus.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>More than 400 scientific reports were published in peer-reviewed journals, forming the basis of 10 systematic reviews, some including meta-analyses of GLIM validity that indicate strong construct and predictive validity. Limitations and future priorities are discussed. Working group findings suggest that assessment of low muscle mass should be guided by experience and available technological resources. Clinical judgment may suffice to evaluate the inflammation/disease burden etiologic criterion. No revisions of the weight loss, low BMI, or reduced food intake/assimilation criteria are suggested. After two rounds of review and revision, the working group secured 100% agreement with the conclusions reported in the 5-year update.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Ongoing initiatives target priorities that include malnutrition risk screening procedures, GLIM adaptation to the intensive care setting, assessment in support of the reduced food intake/assimilation criterion, and determination of malnutrition in obesity.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16668,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition\",\"volume\":\"49 4\",\"pages\":\"414-427\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpen.2756\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpen.2756\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpen.2756","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
GLIM consensus approach to diagnosis of malnutrition: A 5-year update
Background
The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) introduced an approach for malnutrition diagnosis in 2019 that comprised screening followed by assessment of three phenotypic criteria (weight loss, low body mass index [BMI], and low muscle mass) and two etiologic criteria (reduced food intake/assimilation and inflammation/disease burden). This planned update reconsiders the GLIM framework based on published knowledge and experience over the past 5 years.
Methods
A working group (n = 43 members) conducted a literature search spanning 2019–2024 using the keywords “Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition or GLIM.” Prior GLIM guidance activities for using the criteria on muscle mass and inflammation were reviewed. Successive rounds of revision and review were used to achieve consensus.
Results
More than 400 scientific reports were published in peer-reviewed journals, forming the basis of 10 systematic reviews, some including meta-analyses of GLIM validity that indicate strong construct and predictive validity. Limitations and future priorities are discussed. Working group findings suggest that assessment of low muscle mass should be guided by experience and available technological resources. Clinical judgment may suffice to evaluate the inflammation/disease burden etiologic criterion. No revisions of the weight loss, low BMI, or reduced food intake/assimilation criteria are suggested. After two rounds of review and revision, the working group secured 100% agreement with the conclusions reported in the 5-year update.
Conclusion
Ongoing initiatives target priorities that include malnutrition risk screening procedures, GLIM adaptation to the intensive care setting, assessment in support of the reduced food intake/assimilation criterion, and determination of malnutrition in obesity.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (JPEN) is the premier scientific journal of nutrition and metabolic support. It publishes original peer-reviewed studies that define the cutting edge of basic and clinical research in the field. It explores the science of optimizing the care of patients receiving enteral or IV therapies. Also included: reviews, techniques, brief reports, case reports, and abstracts.