利用Boltzmann-BGK方法模拟极低地球轨道1U立方体卫星的气动阻力

IF 2.8 3区地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Advances in Space Research Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.055

Joseff Parke Sturrock, Ben Evans, Zoran Jelic

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引用次数: 0

摘要

利用内部玻尔兹曼- bgk求解器研究了1U立方体卫星在不同极低地球轨道（VLEO）高度和条件下的空气动力学阻力。这一区域的空间有很多好处，但是巨大的阻力会导致卫星寿命缩短。分析的重点是确定阻力系数和绝对阻力值。流场如图所示。给出了暴露表面的单原子氧数密度比，以帮助指导腐蚀分析。分析了卫星表面涂层的材料性能，包括减阻性能。所有大气参数均来自NASA的NRLMSIS 2.0大气模型。调查的高度范围从50公里到500公里。研究了太阳活动极小期和极大期、季节变化和当地昼夜情况。计算了阻力系数，并与相应的克努森数进行了比较。虽然在非常低的高度阻力系数（CD）有显著的变化，但在较高的高度产生一致的值。研究了两个立方体卫星的几何方向，一个固定在1.24左右的高海拔恒定CD，而另一个固定在1.60的CD。材料的镜面特性被发现对阻力系数有相当大的影响——改变这个参数可能导致阻力系数显著提高，在某些情况下超过2.0的值。计算出的阻力系数可以与其他现有模型相结合，以确定卫星的寿命，以及估计在不同轨道高度的预期阻力。这将有助于确定阻力补偿系统的推力值，从而延长VLEO运行卫星的寿命。

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Modelling aerodynamic drag of a very low earth orbit 1U CubeSat utilising a Boltzmann-BGK approach

The aerodynamic drag of a 1U CubeSat at various Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) altitudes and conditions have been investigated utilising an in-house Boltzmann-BGK solver. This region of space has numerous benefits, however significant drag can lead to short satellite lifespans. The analyses focus on determining drag coefficients, as well as absolute drag values. Flow fields are illustrated. Monoatomic oxygen number density ratios on exposed surfaces were presented to help guide corrosion analysis. Material properties for satellite surface coatings have been analysed, including drag reduction performance. All atmospheric parameters were sourced from NASA’s NRLMSIS 2.0 atmospheric model. Altitudes investigated range from 50 km to 500 km. Periods of solar minima and maxima, seasonal variances and local day/night cases were investigated. Drag coefficients were evaluated and compared with corresponding Knudsen numbers. Although there are significant variations of the drag coefficient (C_D) at very low altitudes, higher altitudes produced consistent values. Two CubeSat geometric orientations were studied, one settled to a consistent C_D of around 1.24 for higher altitudes, while the other case settled to a C_D of 1.60. The material property of specularlity was found to have a considerable impact on drag coefficients – altering this parameter could lead to significantly higher drag coefficients, in some cases exceeding values of 2.0. The drag coefficients computed can be coupled with other existing models to determine satellite lifespan, as well as to estimate expected drag at various orbital altitudes. This will be insightful for determining thrust values of drag compensation systems, serving to extend the lifespan of VLEO operating satellites.

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来源期刊

Advances in Space Research 地学天文-地球科学综合

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

11.50%

发文量

800

审稿时长

5.8 months

期刊介绍： The COSPAR publication Advances in Space Research (ASR) is an open journal covering all areas of space research including: space studies of the Earth''s surface, meteorology, climate, the Earth-Moon system, planets and small bodies of the solar system, upper atmospheres, ionospheres and magnetospheres of the Earth and planets including reference atmospheres, space plasmas in the solar system, astrophysics from space, materials sciences in space, fundamental physics in space, space debris, space weather, Earth observations of space phenomena, etc. NB: Please note that manuscripts related to life sciences as related to space are no more accepted for submission to Advances in Space Research. Such manuscripts should now be submitted to the new COSPAR Journal Life Sciences in Space Research (LSSR). All submissions are reviewed by two scientists in the field. COSPAR is an interdisciplinary scientific organization concerned with the progress of space research on an international scale. Operating under the rules of ICSU, COSPAR ignores political considerations and considers all questions solely from the scientific viewpoint.