铁铝氧化物共沉淀法固定化钕

IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
R. W. Veloso, I. C. F. Vasques, C. O. de Miranda, M. B. Júnior, J. W. V. de Mello
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引用次数: 0

摘要

采矿勘探在米纳斯吉拉斯州发挥着重要作用,但在加工金属时产生的废水会向水中释放高浓度的微量元素,如钕等稀土元素。在受酸性矿井水产生影响的地区,由于含有硫化物的矿石在暴露于大气条件下会发生氧化,因此产生可能造成污染的酸性水,问题变得更加严重。本文旨在研究铁和铝氧化物作为地球化学屏障控制钕迁移率的效率,并揭示析出物的稳定性。通过与铁和铝(氢氧)氧化物共沉淀法对可溶性钕的去除进行了评价。用发射光谱法测定了上清液中可溶钕的浓度。用X射线衍射法测定了沉淀物的矿物学相。通过化学提取评价其稳定性。总的来说,铁和铝沉淀物对可溶性钕的去除效率很高(99%),这表明它们是处理酸性排水的有希望的替代品。析出相中检出三水石、针铁矿、绢云母和磁铁矿,低铝处理中只检出磁铁矿和绢云母。铝的存在减少了钕的去除,提高了钕的回收率。铁和铝沉淀中的钕在环中性条件下似乎更稳定,因此需要不断监测以防止钕的损失。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Immobilization of neodymium by coprecipitation of iron and aluminum oxides

Mining exploration plays an important role in the state of Minas Gerais, but the generation of effluents when processing metals can release high concentrations of trace elements into water, such as rare earth elements, like neodymium. In areas affected by the generation of acid mine drainage, the problem becomes more critical due to the production of potentially polluting acidic waters because ores containing sulfides undergo oxidation when exposed to atmospheric conditions. The present paper aims to investigate the efficiency of iron and aluminum oxides as geochemical barriers to control the mobility of neodymium and to unravel the stability of precipitates. The removal of soluble neodymium was evaluated through the coprecipitation of this element with iron and aluminum (hydr)oxides. The concentration of soluble neodymium was evaluated in the supernatant by optical emission spectroscopy. The mineralogical phases in the precipitates were determined by X Rays diffraction. Stability was evaluated through chemical extractions. Overall, iron and aluminum precipitates provided a highly efficient removal of soluble neodymium (> 99%), showing that they can be promising alternatives for the treatment of acid drainage. Gibbsite, goethite, lepidocrocite and magnetite were detected in the precipitated phases, and only magnetite and lepidocrocite were identified in treatments with lower aluminum content. The greater presence of aluminum decreases neodymium removal and increases its recovery. Neodymium in iron and aluminum precipitates seems to be more stable under circumneutral conditions and, therefore, constant monitoring is needed to prevent neodymium loss.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
6.50%
发文量
806
审稿时长
10.8 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (IJEST) is an international scholarly refereed research journal which aims to promote the theory and practice of environmental science and technology, innovation, engineering and management. A broad outline of the journal''s scope includes: peer reviewed original research articles, case and technical reports, reviews and analyses papers, short communications and notes to the editor, in interdisciplinary information on the practice and status of research in environmental science and technology, both natural and man made. The main aspects of research areas include, but are not exclusive to; environmental chemistry and biology, environments pollution control and abatement technology, transport and fate of pollutants in the environment, concentrations and dispersion of wastes in air, water, and soil, point and non-point sources pollution, heavy metals and organic compounds in the environment, atmospheric pollutants and trace gases, solid and hazardous waste management; soil biodegradation and bioremediation of contaminated sites; environmental impact assessment, industrial ecology, ecological and human risk assessment; improved energy management and auditing efficiency and environmental standards and criteria.
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