瓶装矿泉水品牌及其标准符合性时空分析

IF 5.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES
Neyha Rubab Syed, Ali Raza, Fahad Alshehri, Sattam Almadani, Sudhir Kumar Singh, Ahmed Elbeltagi
{"title":"瓶装矿泉水品牌及其标准符合性时空分析","authors":"Neyha Rubab Syed,&nbsp;Ali Raza,&nbsp;Fahad Alshehri,&nbsp;Sattam Almadani,&nbsp;Sudhir Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Ahmed Elbeltagi","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02441-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessing bottled mineral water (BMW) against drinking water guidelines set by the World health organization, international bottled water association, and Pakistan standards and quality control authority is critical for ensuring product safety. The present study used physico-chemical parameters to conduct a spatio-temporal analysis of BMW brands in Pakistan. Data were collected from the Pakistan council of research in water resources (PCRWR), comprised of 33 water quality reports (2013–2024) from various districts of Pakistan. The prime objective was to create spatial maps of physico-chemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl) and arsenic (As). Comparative analysis of water samples from BMW brands revealed that safe brands met the permissible ranges for pH, EC, hardness, TDS, Cl, and arsenic (As), while unsafe brands did not meet these limit and were deemed for consumption. Integrating spatial data with geographic information systems enabled a more efficient and timely assessment of physico-chemical parameters. Additionally, classifying brands as safe, unsafe, disappeared and emerging over quarterly periods helped allowed for clear differentiation. Overall, the results underscore the importance of continued regulatory efforts by the PCRWR to maintain high standards for BMW in Pakistan. Future strategies could include more frequent testing, public disclosure of non-compliant brands, and incentives for consistent performers to further improve market safety and reliability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02441-1.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Spatio-temporal analysis of bottled mineral water brands and their compliance with standards\",\"authors\":\"Neyha Rubab Syed,&nbsp;Ali Raza,&nbsp;Fahad Alshehri,&nbsp;Sattam Almadani,&nbsp;Sudhir Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Ahmed Elbeltagi\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13201-025-02441-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Assessing bottled mineral water (BMW) against drinking water guidelines set by the World health organization, international bottled water association, and Pakistan standards and quality control authority is critical for ensuring product safety. The present study used physico-chemical parameters to conduct a spatio-temporal analysis of BMW brands in Pakistan. Data were collected from the Pakistan council of research in water resources (PCRWR), comprised of 33 water quality reports (2013–2024) from various districts of Pakistan. The prime objective was to create spatial maps of physico-chemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl) and arsenic (As). Comparative analysis of water samples from BMW brands revealed that safe brands met the permissible ranges for pH, EC, hardness, TDS, Cl, and arsenic (As), while unsafe brands did not meet these limit and were deemed for consumption. Integrating spatial data with geographic information systems enabled a more efficient and timely assessment of physico-chemical parameters. Additionally, classifying brands as safe, unsafe, disappeared and emerging over quarterly periods helped allowed for clear differentiation. Overall, the results underscore the importance of continued regulatory efforts by the PCRWR to maintain high standards for BMW in Pakistan. Future strategies could include more frequent testing, public disclosure of non-compliant brands, and incentives for consistent performers to further improve market safety and reliability.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8374,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Water Science\",\"volume\":\"15 6\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02441-1.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Water Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-025-02441-1\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"WATER RESOURCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Water Science","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-025-02441-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"WATER RESOURCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

根据世界卫生组织、国际瓶装水协会以及巴基斯坦标准和质量控制当局制定的饮用水准则对瓶装矿泉水(BMW)进行评估,对于确保产品安全至关重要。本研究使用理化参数对巴基斯坦宝马品牌进行了时空分析。数据收集自巴基斯坦水资源研究委员会(PCRWR),包括来自巴基斯坦不同地区的33份水质报告(2013-2024年)。主要目标是创建物理化学参数的空间图,包括pH值、电导率(EC)、硬度、总溶解固体(TDS)、氯化物(Cl)和砷(As)。宝马品牌的水样对比分析显示,安全品牌的pH、EC、硬度、TDS、Cl和砷(As)达到了允许范围,而不安全品牌的水样不符合这些限制,可以食用。将空间数据与地理信息系统相结合,可以更有效、更及时地评估理化参数。此外,按季度将品牌分为安全、不安全、消失和新兴,有助于实现明确的区分。总的来说,结果强调了PCRWR继续监管努力以保持宝马在巴基斯坦的高标准的重要性。未来的策略可能包括更频繁的测试,公开披露不合格品牌,以及激励表现稳定的公司进一步提高市场的安全性和可靠性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spatio-temporal analysis of bottled mineral water brands and their compliance with standards

Assessing bottled mineral water (BMW) against drinking water guidelines set by the World health organization, international bottled water association, and Pakistan standards and quality control authority is critical for ensuring product safety. The present study used physico-chemical parameters to conduct a spatio-temporal analysis of BMW brands in Pakistan. Data were collected from the Pakistan council of research in water resources (PCRWR), comprised of 33 water quality reports (2013–2024) from various districts of Pakistan. The prime objective was to create spatial maps of physico-chemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl) and arsenic (As). Comparative analysis of water samples from BMW brands revealed that safe brands met the permissible ranges for pH, EC, hardness, TDS, Cl, and arsenic (As), while unsafe brands did not meet these limit and were deemed for consumption. Integrating spatial data with geographic information systems enabled a more efficient and timely assessment of physico-chemical parameters. Additionally, classifying brands as safe, unsafe, disappeared and emerging over quarterly periods helped allowed for clear differentiation. Overall, the results underscore the importance of continued regulatory efforts by the PCRWR to maintain high standards for BMW in Pakistan. Future strategies could include more frequent testing, public disclosure of non-compliant brands, and incentives for consistent performers to further improve market safety and reliability.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Applied Water Science
Applied Water Science WATER RESOURCES-
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.60%
发文量
268
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍:
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信