沙特阿拉伯利雅得一家三级保健医院的艾滋病毒患者肺炎球菌疫苗接种模式的横断面调查

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102783

Reem Binsuwaidan , Enas Mosaffer Alghamdi , Ethar Abdullhameed Otaif , Maram Saud ALqutaym , Yahya Ali Mohzari , Ahmed Ali Alrashed , Rowdan Zeyan Alderaan , Ahmed Ajlan Alsheheri , Alaa Alhubaishi , Lina I Alnajjar

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引用次数: 0

摘要

HIV感染者（PLWH）被认为是机会性感染的高危人群，包括社区获得性肺炎（CAP）。因此，美国疾病控制和预防中心（US-CDC）和沙特卫生部（MOH）提倡在所有PLWH中接种肺炎球菌疫苗，作为预防肺炎球菌感染的关键措施。因此，本研究旨在调查三级医院PLWH肺炎球菌疫苗的处方模式。由于PCV15和PCV20要到2022年才能上市，因此本研究的重点是PCV13和PPSV23的处方模式。方法本横断面研究旨在评估在沙特阿拉伯利雅得某三级医院HIV门诊就诊的PLWH患者肺炎球菌疫苗的处方模式。利用1987年1月至2022年12月期间访问HIV诊所的PLWH医疗记录，收集了人口统计数据、临床特征、抗逆转录病毒治疗细节和肺炎球菌疫苗接种记录。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）第21版（SPSS Inc., Armonk, New York， USA）进行统计分析。结果在346例确诊患者中，大多数（81 %）为男性，中位年龄为45岁。相当比例的患者未接种任何肺炎球菌疫苗（98.6 %），只有2例患者（0.56 %）接种了全套肺炎球菌疫苗（PCV13- ppsv23）， 3例患者（0.84 %）接种了单剂PCV13。几乎所有患者（99% %）报告定期到艾滋病毒诊所就诊，绝大多数患者（98.3% %）接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）。结论本研究显示PLWH的肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率明显不足。因此，必须采取额外的措施来提高肺炎球菌疫苗的吸收率，并减少这一脆弱人群中侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的风险。

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Cross-sectional investigation of pneumococcal vaccination patterns in HIV patients at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background

People living with HIV (PLWH) are recognized as a high-risk population for opportunistic infections, including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Therefore, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US-CDC) and Saudi Ministry of health (MOH) advocate for pneumococcal vaccination among all PLWH as a crucial preventive measure against pneumococcal infections. Hence, this study aims to investigate the prescribing patterns of pneumococcal vaccines for PLWH at a tertiary care hospital. As PCV15 and PCV20 were not available until 2022, this study focuses on the prescribing patterns of PCV13 and PPSV23.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prescribing patterns of pneumococcal vaccines among PLWH attending the HIV clinic at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Utilizing medical records from PLWH who visited the HIV clinic between January 1987 and December 2022, demographic data, clinical characteristics, antiretroviral therapy details, and pneumococcal vaccination records were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 (SPSS Inc., Armonk, New York, USA).

Results

Of the 346 identified patients, the majority (81 %) were male, with a median age of 45 years. A significant proportion had not received any pneumococcal vaccinations (98.6 %), while only 2 patients (0.56 %) completed the full series of pneumococcal vaccines (PCV13-PPSV23), and 3 patients (0.84 %) received a single dose of PCV13. Nearly all patients (99 %) reported regular attendance at the HIV clinic, with the vast majority (98.3 %) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Conclusion

This study revealed a notable deficiency in pneumococcal vaccine coverage among PLWH. Therefore, additional measures are imperative to improve pneumococcal vaccine uptake and reduce the risk of invasive pneumococcal diseases within this vulnerable population.

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.