Adrenal hydatid cyst communicating with a ruptured renal hydatid cyst in the excretory cavities: A rare clinical case

Simultaneous involvement of the kidney and adrenal gland by a hydatid cyst is an extremely rare condition. This pathology, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, can lead to severe complications, particularly when the cyst ruptures into the excretory cavities (renal pelvis and ureter). Cyst rupture allows the dissemination of parasitic elements into the urinary tract, resulting in symptoms such as low back pain and urinary disturbances. Diagnosis relies on a combination of imaging (ultrasound, CT scan) and serological tests. Treatment is primarily surgical, involving nephrectomy and adrenalectomy when the structures are severely affected, along with postoperative antiparasitic therapy to prevent recurrence. Although rare, this dual involvement of the kidney and adrenal gland presents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present a rare case of simultaneous involvement of the adrenal gland and kidney, complicated by rupture into the excretory cavities, in a 45-year-old man complaining of low back pain.