在无氟醚电解液中调节双电层可实现高压低温锂金属电池

Renfei Zhao , Yuanhang Gao , Zuosu Qin , Yuelin Li , Tao Zhang , Anqiang Pan , Ning Zhang , Renzhi Ma , Xiaohe Liu , Gen Chen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

长期以来,醚基溶剂氧化稳定性差一直是限制其实际应用的主要挑战。为了提高醚基电解质的氧化稳定性,对各种乙二醇二甲基醚的理化性质进行了筛选,选择二甘醚(G2)作为电解质的唯一溶剂。双(氟磺酰基)亚胺锂(LiFSI)是一种高度解离的盐,用作原盐;离子尺寸小、结合能强的硝酸锂(LiNO3)和二氟磷酸锂(LiDFP)作为二级盐加入。电解质可以通过阴极侧的NO3 -和DFP -调节双电层结构,导致原本被阴极排斥的Li+浓度增加。此外,提高了电解质的氧化稳定性,形成的电极-电解质界面更加均匀和稳定,从而提高了电池的电化学性能。结果表明,在G2溶剂中,用1 M三元锂盐组装的电池可以在4.4 V的高压下工作。Li||NCM811电池在室温下270次循环后容量保持率为80.2%,平均库仑效率为99.5%,在−30℃下200次循环后容量保持率为88.4%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Regulating electric double layer in non-fluorinated ether electrolyte enables high-voltage and low-temperature lithium metal batteries

Regulating electric double layer in non-fluorinated ether electrolyte enables high-voltage and low-temperature lithium metal batteries
The poor oxidation stability of ether-based solvents has long been a major challenge limiting their practical application. To enhance the oxidative stability of ether-based electrolytes, the physicochemical properties of various glycol dimethyl ethers are screened, and diglyme (G2) is selected as the sole solvent for the electrolyte. Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), a highly dissociative salt, is used as the primary salt; while lithium nitrate (LiNO3) and lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP), which have small ionic sizes and strong binding energies, are added as secondary salts. The resulting electrolyte can modulate the electric double layer structure by NO3 and DFP on the cathode side, leading to an increased Li+ concentration that is originally repelled by the cathode. Additionally, the oxidation stability of the electrolyte is improved and the formed electrode-electrolyte interphase is more uniform and stable, thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of the cells. As a result, cells assembled with a total of 1 M ternary lithium salts in G2 solvent can operate at high voltage of 4.4 ​V. The Li||NCM811 ​cells maintain 80.2% capacity retention after 270 cycles at room temperature, with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.5%, and exhibit 88.4% capacity retention after 200 cycles at −30 ​°C.
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